摘要:利用雅鲁藏布江黑颈鹤越冬地周边13个气象站点1980-2015年气温资料，对雅鲁藏布江黑颈鹤越冬地年际气温和越冬期气温变化进行研究。结果表明：1980-2015年，越冬地年平均气温、年平均最高气温和年平均最低气温均呈极显著增加趋势，越冬期气温年际变化波动振幅相对全年平均变化较大。其中越冬期最高气温增温速率最快，较年际增暖率高0.09℃/10a。越冬地年气温和越冬期气温增温速率变化趋势在空间上表现较为一致。越冬期平均气温、最高气温和最低气温的周期变化较全年均有所提前，存在一个2年的周期振荡。越冬期平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温在统计时段内发生了突变，突变年份分别为1995年、1998年、1993年，气温日较差没有发生突变，越冬期气温和越冬期气温突变的方向除气温日较差以外都是由冷位相到暖位相突变。开展雅鲁藏布江黑颈鹤越冬分布区气候变化的长期监测，对于分析和精准识别气候变化对黑颈鹤越冬地分布区生境的影响，强化对黑颈鹤越冬地的保护研究有着重要的意义。



Abstract:Based on temperature data of 13 meteorological stations in the upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River during 1980-2015, the annual and winter temperature changes of black-necked cranes overwintering area in the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River were studied. The results showed that from 1980-2015, the annual average temperature, the annual average maximum temperature, and the annual average minimum temperature of the wintering area presented a very significant increase trend. The amplitude of the interannual fluctuation of the wintering period was relatively larger than the annual average temperature. Among them, the highest temperature increase rate during the winter season was the fastest, and the annual warming rate was higher with 0.09℃/10a. The trend of annual temperature in wintering and temperature increase in wintering period were consistent at the spatial level. The cyclical changes in average temperature, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature during the wintering period were earlier than the whole year, and there was a two-year periodic oscillation. During the wintering period, the average temperature, the average maximum temperature, and the average minimum temperature were mutated during the statistical period. The years of mutation were 1995, 1998, and 1993. There was no sudden change in daily range of temperature, and the temperature in winter and the temperature in winter were abrupt. In addition to the daily range of temperature, the direction of sudden changes in temperature during winter and winter temperatures is a sudden change from cold phase to warm phase.The long-term monitoring of climate change in the black-necked cranes overwintering area, reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, is of great significance for analyzing and accurately identifying the impact of climate change on the overwintering of black-necked cranes distribution area habitat and strengthening the protection of overwintering area of black-necked cranes.





PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.ecologica.cn/stxb/article/pdf/stxb201903280600