摘要:建立自然保护地是迄今为止世界上公认的最有效的保护自然生态系统、维护生物多样性的理想模式，对其进行监测是保护管理工作的重要一环。为了把握我国自然保护地的监测研究现状与发展趋势，基于CNKI和万方数据库检索并筛选出自然保护地监测文献698篇，基于文献计量法，对自然保护地的监测研究趋势、监测指标、监测方法和所属行政区域四个方面进行了分析。结果发现，我国自然保护地监测研究发文量在历经30多年的萌芽期与缓慢增长期后，当前正处于跳跃式增长期。其中，自然保护区的监测发文量最高，占比达67%；在监测内容方面，关注度由高到低依次为：生物多样性 > 生态环境 > 人类活动 > 生态安全，其中，涉及鸟类监测的文献数量最多，占比20.75%。目前，人工实地调查方法仍然是主要的监测研究方法，但随着红外相机、卫星遥感和自动监测系统的发展，其占比已降到60%；在所属行政区域方面，各区不平衡现象十分显著，发文量在6-48篇不等。因此，今后科研监测应兼顾不同自然保护地类型，尽可能采用新的科技手段开展监测，并对两栖爬行类、鱼类、无脊椎动物以及人类活动和生态安全方面给予更高的关注度，最后本文还提出了相应的监测管理建议。



Abstract:Establishing natural protected areas is the most effective and ideal model to protect natural ecosystems and biodiversity in the world so far. Monitoring of natural protected areas is an important part of the protection and management work. In order to understand the current situation and development of the natural protected areas monitoring in China, 698 papers of the natural protected areas monitoring were searched and screened based on CNKI and Wanfang database. Based on Bibliometric method, the monitoring research trends, monitoring indicators, monitoring methods and the province of the natural protected areas were analyzed. We found that the amount of publications on monitoring research on the natural protected areas in China is currently in a period of leaping growth after more than 30 years of germination and slow growth. Among them, a number of monitoring papers about the natural protected areas are the highest, accounting for 67.00%. In terms of monitoring content, the order of attention is in order of biodiversity > ecological environment > human activities > ecological security. Among them, the number of papers related to bird monitoring is the largest, accounting for 20.75%. Artificial field survey method is still the main monitoring research method, but with the development of infrared cameras, satellite remote sensing, and automatic monitoring system, its proportion has dropped to 60.00%. In the research area, the regional imbalance is very significant, with the number of papers ranging from 6 to 48. We proposed that the input of scientific research monitoring should take into account different types of nature reserves, monitoring with new scientific and technological means as far as possible, and paid more attention to amphibians, reptiles, fish, invertebrates, human activities and ecological security. Finally, this paper puts forward corresponding monitoring and management suggestions.





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