摘要:祁连山是我国西部重要的生态安全屏障和生物多样性保护优先区域，其中南坡地区是水源涵养服务核心区，但目前对该区域生态系统服务时空分布及动态变化仍缺乏深入认识。利用遥感技术和生态系统服务理论，综合多源数据产品，借鉴生态系统服务计算方法，对包括土壤保持等7个生态系统服务类型展开功能及价值核算，对祁连山南坡土壤保持等7个生态系统服务类型2000-2015年间的时空分异及动态展开监测和评估，研究表明：（1）近16年来祁连山南坡生态系统服务平均单位面积价值为76.27万元/km²，总价值为658.74亿元，且调节气候、水源涵养和调节空气质量服务构成了研究区生态系统服务的主体。（2）高寒草甸和高寒草原的生态系统服务总价值最高，而森林和灌丛的单位面积服务价值最高；天峻县和祁连县的生态系统服务总价值最高，而海晏县和刚察县的单位面积服务价值最高。（3）近16年来祁连山南坡生态系统服务价值呈增长趋势，其中调节气候和调节空气质量服务价值的增速最快，且增长区域主要集中在研究区北部祁连县和天峻县境内。（4）研究区东部山区、南部环湖区以及中部湿地区能够提供多项复合生态服务功能，应作为生态保护和管理的重点。研究结果能为祁连山生态红线制定及国家公园建设提供理论依据和技术支撑。



Abstract:Qilian Mountains are important ecological security barrier and priority area for biodiversity protection in western China, of which the southern slope area is the core area for water conservation services. However, at present, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the temporal and spatial distribution and dynamic changes of ecosystem services in this region. This paper used remote sensing technology and ecosystem service theory, and integrated multi-source data products and ecosystem service calculation methods to monitor and evaluate the spatio-temporal variation and dynamics of the values of seven ecosystem service types in the southern slope of Qilian Mountains (SSQM). The results showed that (1) in the past 16 years, the average unit area value of ecosystem service on the SSQM was 762700 yuan/km², with a total value of 65.87 billion yuan. The climate regulation, water conservation, and air quality regulation services were the dominant service types. (2) The alpine meadow and alpine steppe had the largest total ecosystem service value (ESV), while forest and shrubland had the largest service value per unit area. Within the study area, the total ESV of Tianjun County and Qilian County was the largest, while the unit area value in Haiyan County and Gangcha County was the largest. (3) In the past 16 years, the ESV on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains has shown an increasing trend, of which the service value of climate regulation and air quality regulation had the fastest growth rate. The growth areas were mainly concentrated in Qilian County and Tianjun County in the northern part of the research area. (4) The mountain area in the east, the Qinghai lake belt in the south and the wetland area in the center can provide multiple composite ecological service functions and should be taken as the focus of the ecological protection and management. The results can provide the theoretical basis and technical support for establishment of Qilian mountain ecological red line and the construction of national parks.





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