摘要:基于生态技术属性、应用、实施效果以及其特征表现为潜变量的现实，以潜变量为背景，构建了两种情境下的指标体系，在纸坊沟流域对两种情境下的指标体系进行验证，两种情境下的评估结果与均现实相符。水土保持技术选择、应用过程以及技术体系之间的互动关系直接涉及到的是潜变量，为了精确揭示水土保持技术的本质、明确纸坊沟流域水土保持技术应用过程及水土保持技术体系，基于课题"生态技术评价方法、指标与评价模型开发"的相关研究成果以及2018年5月农户调研资料，构建了包括技术成熟度、技术应用难度、技术相宜性、技术效益以及技术推广潜力在内的5个一级指标、技术完整性等在内的14个二级指标的水土保持技术评价指标体系，并对各指标进行解释，得到评判标准。采取一二级指标相互印证的方法对安塞县纸坊沟流域水土保持技术进行评估，结果表明：纸坊沟流域3个阶段水土保持技术综合得分分别为：0.5399（0.5191），0.6724（0.6628），0.7866（0.7748）（括号内为基于二级指标的测算结果）。流域内水土保持技术及其应用综合效果不断提升，动因为：水土保持技术体系不断优化，水土保持技术选择与应用的要素的耦合度不断提升，并与农户理念趋近。



Abstract:Based on ecological technological attributes, application, implementation effects, and the characteristics of their latent variables, an index system in two scenarios was generated with the latent variables as the background, and the index system in two scenarios was verified in the Zhifanggou watershed. The evaluation results in both scenarios are consistent with the actual conditions. The interaction between soil and water conservation technology, their application, and technical systems are directly associated with latent variables. To accurately elucidate the nature of soil and water conservation technology, to clarify the application process of soil and water conservation technology in the Zhifanggou watershed and the technical system of soil and water conservation, based on the data regarding ″Eco-technical evaluation methods, indicators and evaluation model development″ and the survey data of farmers in May 2018, the technology maturity, technical application difficulty, technical suitability, technical benefits, and technology promotion potential were assessed. The soil and water conservation technology evaluation index system includes five first-level indicators and 14 second-level indicators. The indicators are interpreted, and the criteria are judged. The soil and water conservation technology of the Ansai Zhifanggou watershed was evaluated via mutual verification of the first and second indicators. The comprehensive assessment scores of soil and water conservation technology in stages of the Zhifanggou watershed are 0.5399 (0.5191),0.6724 (0.6628),and 0.7866 (0.7748) (the values in parentheses are the secondary indicators). The comprehensive effect of soil and water conservation technology and its application in the basin has continuously improved because the water and soil conservation technology system is continuously optimized, and the coupling degree of soil and water conservation technology selection and application elements is continuously improved.





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