摘要:为研究目标树经营初期对柏木人工林土壤线虫群落的影响，对遂宁市安居区处于竞争生长阶段的柏木林进行3种不同密度目标树经营，共计样地12个（目标树密度为6株/667 m²、9株/667 m²、12株/667 m²以及对照各3个）。在目标树经营1年后，采集春、夏、秋、冬4个季节样品共252个，采用改进的Baermann湿漏斗法分离土壤线虫，共鉴定出土壤线虫59科143属。其中Prionchulus为优势属，食细菌性线虫38属，食真菌性线虫12属，植食性线虫36属，杂食/捕食性线虫57属。土壤线虫生活史策略以c-p 4类群为主，占总数的44.33%，其中目标树密度为9株/667 m²整个样地（9N）的c-p 4占比最大。目标树经营增加了土壤线虫的数量，目标树密度为9株/667 m²的目标树单株（9C）线虫密度达到最大；目标树经营处理中均以杂食/捕食性线虫数量最多，其中9C杂食/捕食性线虫数量均高于其他处理；目标树经营提高了多样性指数（H'）、均匀度指数（J）、线虫营养多样性指数（TD）、线虫成熟度指数（MI），目标树经营改善了土壤线虫群落结构，其中目标树密度为9株/667 m²样地的土壤线虫群落结构最优。研究结果表明，采用目标树经营有利于提升土壤线虫群落多样性，使柏木人工林生态系统向更稳定的方向发展，其中目标树密度为9株/667 m²的效果最为显著。



Abstract:To study the impact of crop-tree release on the soil nematode community in a Cupressus funebris plantation, 12 plots were selected from the cedar forest of Anju District, Suining City (crop tree density 6 trees/667 m², 9 trees/667 m², and 12 trees/667 m², and a control group for each of the three), 252 samples from four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) were collected, and a total of 143 genera belonging to 59 families were identified. Among them, Prionchulus was a dominant genus, Bacterivores were represented by 38 genera, fungivores by 12 genera, plant parasites by 36 genera, and omnivores/predators by 57 genera. The soil nematode colonizer persister was dominated by c-p 4 groups, accounting for 44.33% of the total. Among these, the whole plot with crop tree density of 9 trees/667 m² (9N) had the largest proportion of c-p 4.The crop-tree release increased the number of soil nematodes. Among these, the crop trees with a crop tree density of 9 trees/667 m² (9C) had the maximum nematode density. The number of omnivore/predator nematodes was highest in the crop-tree release, and the number of 9C omnivore/predator nematodes was higher than that of the other treatments. The crop-tree release increased the Shannon-Wiener index (H'), Pielou evenness index (J), Trophic Diversity (TD), and Maturity index (MI), which showed that the crop-tree release increased the diversity of soil nematode communities, and the crop tree density 9 had the best soil nematode community structure. The results showed that the use of crop-tree release was conducive to the enhancement of the diversity of soil nematode communities and the development of a Cupressus funebris plantation ecosystem to a more stable direction. Among these, the crop tree density of 9 trees/667 m² had the most significant effect.





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