摘要:采煤塌陷引起的土壤环境因子的变化对矿区植物生长的影响越来越受到人们的关注，快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析技术被称为植物受胁迫状态的有效探针，能够快速获取胁迫下光系统Ⅱ光化学活性和电子传递的信息。研究采煤塌陷裂缝区植物叶片叶绿素荧光的变化是揭示煤炭开采塌陷胁迫对植物个体生长影响的关键环节，能为大尺度下采煤沉陷区植物损伤机理研究提供基础。对于黄土高原半干旱矿区，土壤水分无疑是植物生长最重要的限制因素，而植物叶片叶绿素荧光变化采煤塌陷影响下土壤含水量变化的响应如何尚不清楚。为了弄清采煤沉陷裂缝影响下土壤含水量变化对柠条叶片叶绿素荧光响应的影响，选取神东煤田大柳塔矿区52302工作面为实验场地，在分析了采煤塌陷裂缝对土壤含水量的影响的基础上，以生态修复物种柠条为研究对象，对采煤塌陷裂缝区不同土壤含水量下柠条叶片快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线进行监测。结果显示：（1）由于煤炭井工开采在地表形成大量裂缝，破坏了土体结构，增加了土壤水分的蒸发面，加速了土壤水的散失。土壤水分含量随着与裂缝之间距离的增加而增加，从距离裂缝0 cm到300 cm，土壤平均含水量从5.63%增加到15.07%；（2）裂缝区土壤水分降低，柠条受到干旱胁迫程度加重，叶片快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线由O-J-I-P变形为O-K-J-I-P曲线。干旱胁迫通过干扰柠条叶片PSⅡ电子供体侧、受体侧以及电子传递链的功能，严重的损害了柠条叶片光合机构的正常功能。



Abstract:Increased attention has been given to the influence of changes in environmental factors caused by coal mining subsidence on plant physiology. Rapid chlorophyll fluorescence-induced kinetic analysis is known as an effective probe to examine the stress state of plants, using which the information of photochemical activity and electron transfer of light System Ⅱ under stress can be quickly obtained. Studying the change of chlorophyll fluorescence in plant leaves from a coal mining fractured area is a key link for revealing the effects of subsidence stress on individual plant growth, and it can provide the basis for studying the damage mechanism in plants from a mining subsidence area. Soil moisture is undoubtedly the most important limiting factor on plant growth, and the response of chlorophyll fluorescence variation in plant leaves to soil water content under the influence of coal mining subsidence is not clear. In order to ascertain the effects of soil water content on the chlorophyll fluorescence response of Caragana korshinskii under the influence of mining subsidence crack, the 52302 working face of the Daliuta mining area was selected as the experimental site with C. korshinskii as the research target. Based on an analysis of the influence of mining subsidence cracks on soil water content, the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics curve of C. korshinskii leaves at different soil moisture contents from the coal mining subsidence fractured area was monitored. The effect of soil water content change on the chlorophyll fluorescence response of C. korshinskii leaves under the influence of coal mining subsidence cracks was studied. The results showed that (1) since coal mining destroys the soil structure, a large number of cracks formed on the surface, which increased the evaporation of surface soil moisture, accelerating the loss of soil water. The soil moisture content increased when the distance between two cracks was from 0 cm to 300 cm, and the average water content increased from 5.63% to 15.07%, respectively. (2) The soil moisture in the fractured area further decreased, and C. korshinskii faced drought stress. The rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induced kinetic curve of the leaves was deformed by O-J-I-P to O-K-J-I-P curves. Drought stress seriously interfered with the normal function of the photosynthetic organs in C. korshinskii leaves by interfering with the functions of the PSⅡ electron donor side, receptor side, and the electron transport chain.





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