摘要:在不同斜生栅藻（Scenedesmus obliquus）密度（1.0×10⁶、2.0×10⁶个细胞/mL和4.0×10⁶个细胞/mL）下，研究了不同浓度的（0、1、10、100、1000 μg/L和5000 μg/L）布洛芬对萼花臂尾轮虫（Brachionus calyciflorus）生命表统计学参数的影响。结果表明，与各藻密度下的对照组相比，当藻密度为1.0×10⁶个细胞/mL时，100-5000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的生命期望和平均寿命显著缩短，100 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的世代时间显著缩短，1.0 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的净生殖率显著提高，10-5000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的后代混交率显著提高。当藻密度为2.0×10⁶个细胞/mL时，10-5000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的生命期望和平均寿命显著缩短，1000 μg/L和5000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的世代时间显著缩短，1、10、1000 μg/L和5000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的种群内禀增长率显著提高，1 μg/L和1000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的后代混交率显著提高。当藻密度为4.0×10⁶个细胞/mL时，10-5000 μg/L布洛芬处理组中轮虫的生命期望、平均寿命和世代时间显著缩短。藻密度对轮虫的世代时间、净生殖率和种群内禀增长率有显著性影响（P < 0.05），布洛芬浓度对轮虫的生命期望、平均寿命、世代时间、净生殖率和种群内禀增长率有显著性影响（P < 0.05），藻密度和布洛芬浓度的交互作用对轮虫的生命期望、平均寿命和后代混交率有显著性影响（P < 0.05）。在实验设置的布洛芬浓度范围内，2.0×10⁶个细胞/mL藻密度下，轮虫的生命期望、平均寿命和世代时间与布洛芬浓度之间均具有显著的剂量-效应关系（P < 0.05）；4.0×10⁶个细胞/mL藻密度下，轮虫的生命期望、平均寿命和净生殖率与布洛芬浓度之间均具有显著的剂量-效应关系（P < 0.05）。



Abstract:The levels of emerging chemicals have increased dramatically during the last two decades, posing problems for human and environmental health. The lack of a rigorous control of pharmaceutical discharges into natural water bodies is a concern for limnologists and ecotoxicologists because of the possible harmful effects of these chemicals on non-target organisms. The present study was performed to assess the chronic toxicity of a pollutant to an aquatic organism under different food densities and to screen out sensitive endpoints for monitoring ibuprofen pollution with rotifers as test animals. In particular, we studied the effects of varying ibuprofen concentrations (0, 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 5000 μg/L) on the life table demographic parameters, including life expectancy at hatching, average lifespan, generation time, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of population increase, and proportion of the sexual offspring of Brachionus calyciflorus fed on different densities (1.0×10⁶, 2.0×10⁶, and 4.0×10⁶ cells/mL) of Scenedesmus obliquus. The results showed that compared to the controls, 100-5000 μg/L of ibuprofen significantly decreased the life expectancy at hatching and average lifespan, 100 μg/L of ibuprofen decreased the generation time, but 1.0 μg/L of ibuprofen increased the net reproductive rate, and 10-5000 μg/L of ibuprofen increased the proportion of sexual offspring of B. calyciflorus under the algal density of 1.0×10⁶ cells/mL. When S. obliquus density was 2.0×10⁶ cells/mL, 10-5000 μg/L of ibuprofen decreased the life expectancy at hatching and average lifespan, 1000 and 5000 μg/L of ibuprofen decreased the generation time, but 1, 10, 1000, and 5000 μg/L of ibuprofen increased the intrinsic rate of population increase, and 1 and 1000 μg/L of ibuprofen increased the proportion of sexual offspring. When S. obliquus density was 4.0×10⁶ cells/mL, 100-5000 μg/L of ibuprofen decreased the life expectancy at hatching, average lifespan, and generation time. The S. obliquus density had significant effects on the generation time, net reproductive rate, and intrinsic rate of population increase (P < 0.05). The ibuprofen concentration had significant effects on the life expectancy at hatching, average lifespan, generation time, net reproductive rate, and intrinsic rate of population increase (P < 0.05). The interaction between S. obliquus density and ibuprofen concentration had significant effects on the life expectancy at hatching, average lifespan, and proportion of sexual offspring (P < 0.05). When the S. obliquus density of 2.0×10⁶ cells/mL was used in association with the range of tested ibuprofen concentrations, significant dose-effect relationships were observed between the ibuprofen concentrations and life expectancy at hatching, average lifespan, and generation time, and these relationships could be described as y=2.419×10^-6x²-0.015x + 79.818, y=2.419×10^-6x²-0.015x + 67.818, and y=1.229×10^-6x²-0.007x + 57.941, respectively. When the S. obliquus density was 4.0×10⁶ cells/mL, significant dose-effect relationships were observed between the ibuprofen concentrations and life expectancy at hatching, average lifespan, and net reproductive rate, and these relationships could be described as y=2.483×10^-7x²-0.005x + 77.624, y=2.483×10^-7x²-0.005x + 65.624, and y=- 5.434×10^-7x² + 0.002x + 14.530, respectively.





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