夏耀耀^1,2,
黎俊^1,3,
冯泽猛^1,5,
龙次民¹,
曾昭英⁴,
黄瑞林¹,
印遇龙^1,3
1. 动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室, 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所畜禽健康养殖研究中心, 中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心, 农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站, 长沙 410125;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 湖南师范大学生命学院动物营养与人体健康实验室, 长沙 410081;
4. 湖南宝东农牧发展有限公司, 邵阳 422002;
5. 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 长沙 410128

作者简介: 夏耀耀(1994-),硕士研究生,研究方向为单胃动物营养,E-mail:1016812759@qq.com.

基金项目: 国家十三五重点研发计划(2016YFD0700200)；湖南农财专项(2015-38)；中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-SW-STS-173)；中国科学院战略生物资源服务网络计划植物种质资源创新项目(ZSZC-011)


中图分类号: X171.5

Effects of Cadmium Supplied via Cadmium Contaminated Rice on the Growth Performance and the Tissues Accumulation of Cadmium in Growing-finishing Pigs

Xia Yaoyao^1,2,
Li Jun^1,3,
Feng Zemeng^1,5,
Long Cimin¹,
Zeng Zhaoying⁴,
Huang Ruilin¹,
Yin Yulong^1,3
1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
4. Hunan Baodong Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd., Shaoyang 422002, China;
5. Hunan Animal and Poultry Safety Production Collaborative Innovation Center, Changsha 410128, China

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:环境中的镉污染对动植物及人类都带来了极大的危害。目前，多数镉毒理研究关注其无机状态，而来源于稻米的有机态镉的毒害作用报道较少。为评估稻米来源镉对生长期猪的毒性作用，选用初始体重为30 kg左右的健康生长猪28头，随机分为体重无明显差异的2组，即对照组与稻米来源镉组(试验组)，研究稻米来源镉对生长期猪(生长及育肥全阶段)的生长特性及不同脏器组织镉蓄积的影响。结果表明，在生长及育肥阶段，试验组与对照组相比：1) 生长特性无显著差异(P>0.05)；2)育肥期组织游离氨基酸含量，除肌肉中的赖氨酸显著降低外(P<0.05)，血浆、肝脏、肾脏及肌肉中其他游离氨基酸水平均无显著差异(P>0.05)；3)心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、肺脏、胃、小肠、大肠、骨骼中镉蓄积量显著增高(P<0.05)，而肌肉、血液中无显著差异(P>0.05)，脂肪、皮中未检出镉。日粮使用大比例镉超标稻米后镉在各脏器和组织中的蓄积规律为肾脏>肝脏>小肠>脾>肺>大肠>胃>血液>骨头>心>腿肌>背肌>脂肪、皮。由此可见，镉超标稻米对生长期猪的生长特性未产生显著的影响，稻米来源镉主要蓄积于肝脏和肾脏，而主流食用组织肌肉和血液中镉的蓄积量较少。
关键词: 稻米来源镉/
生长期猪/
生长特性/
蓄积规律

Abstract:Cadmium pollution in the ecological environment raises great harm to plants, animals, and humans. Toxicological studies on cadmium mainly focus on its inorganic state, while toxic effects of cadmium from the organic state of rice are obscure. In order to evaluate the effects of dietary cadmium excessive rice on the growth performance and accumulated pattern in tissues of growing pigs, twenty-eight healthy growing pigs with similar body weight (30 kg) were housed individually and randomly assigned to two groups (14 pigs per group). The results showed that: 1) There were no significant differences on growth performance in cadmium excessive rice diet provided group (P> 0.05); 2) The concentration of lysine in muscle reduced significantly in test fattening-pig group (P< 0.05), and no differences were found on the free amino acids in plasma, liver, kidneys, and muscle (P> 0.05); 3) Significant differences were noticed in most tissues (heart, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and bone) (P< 0.05) apart from the blood and muscle for the accumulated cadmium (P> 0.05). No cadmium was detected in fat and skin in both groups. The order of the tissues accumulation was that kidney > liver > small intestine > spleen > lung > large intestine > stomach > blood > bone > heart > leg muscle > dorsi muscle > fat/skin. In conclusion, the use of cadmium excessive rice in growing and fattening pig diets has little effect on the growth performance. The cadmium accumulation in liver and kidney were significantly increased but no difference was found in edible meat and blood tissues.
Key words:cadmium excessive rice/
growing-finishing pig/
performance/
heavy metal accumulation.