曹嘉晨^1,2,
郑有飞^1,3,
赵辉³,
徐静馨³
1. 南京信息工程大学, 江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044;
2. 南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院, 南京 210044;
3. 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 南京 210044

作者简介: 曹嘉晨(1990-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为大气环境,E-mail:joyceatobe@qq.com.

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41475108，41575110)


中图分类号: X171.5

Impact of Elevated Ozone Concentration on Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat and Soybean

Cao Jiachen^1,2,
Zheng Youfei^1,3,
Zhao Hui³,
Xu Jingxin³
1. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
3. School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:我国近地层臭氧污染日趋严重，其不断增加的浓度对农作物的生长造成了严重威胁。以冬小麦和大豆为研究对象，基于大田开顶式气室(OTC)试验，分别设置对照(CK)、100 nL·L^-1和150 nL·L^-1这3个O₃浓度处理组，对2种作物生长指标和产量等参数连续观测，结果表明：O₃浓度增加对冬小麦和大豆的株高、叶面积和生物量产生影响，并且对大豆的影响更为明显。与此同时，O₃浓度增加使得冬小麦的穗重、穗粒数以及大豆的单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重都呈现大幅度下降状态，进而导致其产量降低。在100 nL·L^-1臭氧处理下，冬小麦产量较CK降低了12.89％，而大豆产量下降了23.76％。在150 nL·L^-1的臭氧处理下，冬小麦产量较对照组降低了29.23％，大豆则比对照组下降了41.57％，与CK相比，大豆产量下降更为明显。上述研究表明，臭氧污染对农作物的生长具有显著影响，且大豆对O₃的反应比冬小麦敏感。
关键词: 臭氧浓度/
冬小麦/
大豆/
生长/
产量

Abstract:Surface ozone pollution has been rapidly increasing in China, and its increasing concentration could seriously affect the growth of crops. This paper regards winter wheat and soybean as the research object, based on the Open Top Chamber (OTC) systems. The winter wheat and soybean are exposed to unfiltered air (CK), increased O₃ concentration (100 nL·L^-1 O₃) and increased O₃ concentration (150 nL·L^-1 O₃). It is expected to obtain the data including crop growth index and yield by continuous observation. The results show that the increase of O₃ concentration had an effect on the plant height, leaf area and biomass of winter wheat and soybean, and the effect on soybean is more apparent. Meanwhile, the increase of O₃ concentration resulted in a significant decrease of panicle weight, grain number per spike of winter wheat, and the number of pods per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant of soybean. The yield of winter wheat was 12.89% lower than that of CK and the yield of soybean decreased by 23.76% under 100 nL·L^-1 ozone treatment. Under 150 nL·L^-1 ozone treatment, the yield of winter wheat was 29.23% lower than that of the control, while that of soybean was 41.57% lower than that of the control. Compared with CK, the yield of soybean decreased more obviously. The above studies show that ozone pollution has a significant impact on the growth of crops, and the response of soybean to O₃ concentration is more sensitive than that of winter wheat.
Key words:ozone concentration/
winter wheat/
soybean/
growth/
yield.