Fund Project:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11474192, 11674206, 11874253).
Received Date:02 November 2018
Accepted Date:02 December 2018
Available Online:01 January 2019
Published Online:20 January 2019
Abstract:Sandwich transducers are extremely versatile, but when the lateral dimension is too large, the displacement of the radiating surface is uneven due to the coupling vibration. Due to the unique vibrational band gap characteristics of phononic crystal, vibrations in the bandgap range can be prohibited from propagating for infinite periodic structure or suppressed for finite periodic structure, which makes it widely used in the field of vibration suppression. In this paper, a two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is formed by processing periodically aligned grooves in the front cover of a large-sized sandwich transducer. Since the periodic grooves are formed in the radial direction, the radial waves cannot propagate, and thus the lateral vibration is suppressed. Subsequently, the finite element method is used to simulate the vibration transmission characteristic, resonance frequency and emission voltage response of a large-sized sandwich transducer based on two-dimensional phononic crystal. The effects of slot height and slot width on its bandgap, resonance and anti-resonant frequency, bandwidth, and displacement profile of the radiating surface are discussed. The results show that the phonon crystal structure can be optimized by using a large-sized sandwich transducer. The large-sized sandwich transducer based on two-dimensional phononic crystal has a lateral band gap. When the operating frequency of the large-sized sandwich transducer is within the band gap range, the two-dimensional phononic crystal structure can effectively suppress the lateral vibration, and the uniformity of the displacement distribution of the radiating surface of the transducer is improved. In addition, when the slot width is constant, the bandwidth of the large-sized sandwich transducer based on the two-dimensional phononic crystal increases as the slot height increases. Similarly, when the slot height is constant, the bandwidth of the large-sized sandwich transducer based on the two-dimensional phononic crystal increases as the slot width increases. The two-dimensional phononic crystal structure is processed in the front cover of the large-sized sandwich transducer, and the working frequency band of the large-sized sandwich transducer is effectively broadened. Keywords:phononic crystal/ sandwich piezoelectric transducer/ lateral vibration/ broadband
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2.基于二维声子晶体的大尺寸夹心式换能器的带隙分析传统的大尺寸夹心式换能器主要由圆柱形后盖板、压电陶瓷晶堆和喇叭形前盖板组成, 其示意图如图1(a)所示, 当其处于工作状态时, 由于其过大的横向尺寸, 存在强烈的耦合振动, 导致其辐射面的位移分布不均匀. 为此, 我们设计了一种新型的基于二维声子晶体的大尺寸夹心式换能器, 如图1(b)所示, 通过在喇叭形前盖板上沿半径方向加工周期排列穿透式的槽, 来形成二维声子晶体结构, 进而有效地抑制横向振动, 其开槽方式如图1(b)插图所示. 本研究中, 我们所设计的槽与槽之间的间隔角度为60°. 图 1 大尺寸夹心式换能器示意图 (a)未开槽; (b)开槽, 插图为开槽方式示意图 Figure1. Schematic diagram of a large-size sandwich transducer: (a) Not grooved; (b) grooved. Inset is a schematic diagram of the grooved method.
为了分析大尺寸夹心式换能器的共振频率, 在有限元软件COMSOL Multiphysics的固体力学模块中建立大尺寸夹心式换能器的模型, 其中圆柱形后盖板的半径和高度分别为26 mm和50 mm, 选取Steel AISI 4340作为后盖板材料, 压电陶瓷晶堆的半径和高度分别为25 mm和6 mm, 数量为2, 材料为PZT-4, 喇叭形前盖板的上底面半径、下底面半径和高度分别为26, 55和50 mm, 选取Aluminum 6063-T83作为前盖板材料. 通过计算得到图1(a)换能器的振型图, 如图2所示. 图 2 大尺寸夹心式换能器振型图 Figure2. Large-size sandwich transducer vibration diagram.