Dynamics and sustainability of social-ecological systems in the Loess Plateau
WANG Shuai1, FU Bojie,1,*, WU Xutong2, WANG Yaping11. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Abstract Driven by global environmental changes and human activities, the dynamic changes of social systems and ecological systems are increasing. Revealing the interaction mechanisms of this coupled system is the scientific basis for maintaining and enhancing resilience and sustainability. The Loess Plateau (LP) is one of the regions under great pressure from population, resources, and environment in China. It is also an important water and sediment source area of the Yellow River. Rational land use and the coordination of soil and water conservation with water resources use and sediment control are the main requirements of watershed management and regional sustainable development in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin. Based on the frontier research of coupled social-ecological system (SES) and the national needs for sustainable development and ecological construction, feedback mechanisms for regional social and ecological systems and coupled SES simulation are the key issues of research. Social-ecological system research in the Loess Plateau needs to illustrate the dynamics and mechanisms of SES evolution, develop methods for analyzing system dynamics and identifying regime shifts, and develop land-use optimization models for sustainable development in the LP, which are useful for the development of theories of SES and practices of sustainable development of the Loess Plateau. Keywords:social-ecological systems;feedback mechanism;sustainability;resilience;regime shift;coupled human and environment systems;Loess Plateau
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1 引言
随着人类对自然环境的影响加剧,地表生态过程逐渐受人类行为主导,地球进入了“人类世”阶段[1]。生态系统受到了巨大的破坏与威胁,可持续发展面临严峻挑战[2]。社会-生态系统(Social-ecological System,也被称为“复合人-地系统”或“人与自然复合系统”)是指人类与环境相互作用形成的具有复杂性、非线性、不确定性和多层嵌套等特性的耦合系统[3,4]。面对环境问题的复杂性,多学科交叉研究逐渐发展,社会-生态系统理论框架被认为是极具潜力的分析方法和学科前沿[5,6]。美国科学基金会(NSF)于2001年就开展了自然与人类耦合系统动力学(Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems,CNH)研究计划,2019年进一步发展为CNH2,即社会-环境综合系统动力学研究计划。
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