The definition and accounting approaches towards natural resource liabilities
YANHuimin1,2,3,, DUWenpeng1,4, FENGZhiming1,2,3, YANGYanzhao1,2,3, SONGXiaoyu5 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China3. Key Laboratory of Assessment of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity of Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 101149, China4. College of Earth Science and Resources, Chang-an University, Xi’an 710054, China;5. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China 收稿日期:2018-01-15 修回日期:2018-04-18 网络出版日期:2018-05-10 版权声明:2018《资源科学》编辑部《资源科学》编辑部 基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503505)中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA19040301)西藏重大科技专项(Z2016C01G01) 作者简介: -->作者简介:闫慧敏,女,内蒙古锡盟人,博士,副研究员,主要从事土地利用变化及其生态环境效应研究。E-mail:yanhm@igsnrr.ac.cn
关键词:自然资源;资产;负债;阈值;可持续发展 Abstract Natural resource asset balance sheets(NRABs)were proposed in 2013 for ecological civilization construction and sustainable development in China. Defining and accounting natural resource liabilities are most important in compiling natural resource asset balance sheets. In this study we illumined the basic connotation of natural resource assets and liabilities via economic properties, preconditions of liabilities, and routes of induced liabilities by natural resource overuse. On this basis we defined categories of natural resource liabilities for quantitatively and qualitatively changes in renewable resources and non-renewable resources caused by excessive consumption. Finally, we proposed methods for natural resource liabilities accounting of land resources, water resources, forest resources and mineral resources. Hopefully this study provides suggestions for compiling natural resource assets balancing sheets. Our research results showed that natural resource liabilities are special liabilities, which should have basic characteristics of liabilities and generated in the process of resource utilization; the sustainability of natural resource utilization is an important basis for defining natural resource liabilities. The change in the quantity and quality of natural resources was the root cause of generating natural resource liabilities, so we proposed that natural resource liabilities of renewable resources was the difference between the amount of resource exploitation and renewables. Natural resource liabilities of non-renewable resources is the difference in resource consumption between the actual exploitation-utilization ratio and the standard exploitation-utilization ratio, and building a qualitative transfer matrix of natural resources accounting for natural resource liabilities arising from changes in the quality of natural resources according to existing national quality classification systems.
本文通过对自然资源资产负债经济学本质、产生前提与途径以及界定依据的解析,将自然资源资产负债定义为:在过去自然资源开发利用过程中,因自然资源过度消耗和生态环境污染破坏形成的核算主体的现时义务。自然资源资产负债应该包括资源负债和环境负债两个部分。通过对森林资源、水资源、矿产资源和土地资源数量或质量变化引起的资源“过度”消耗进行解析,本文从资源可持续利用的自然属性界限和国家政策红线两个方面论述自然资源资产负债核算的方法。但本文未对自然资源利用过程中产生的环境负债的内涵以及核算方法进行解析,在今后值得进一步探索和研究。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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