魏潇洋^1,,
种建荣²,
孙战伟²,
陈靓¹,
雷帅¹,
凌雪^1,,
1. 西北大学文化遗产学院, 陕西 西安 710069
2. 陕西省考古研究院, 陕西 西安 710043

基金项目: 国家社科基金重大招标项目（批准号：20&ZD253）和教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（批准号：13YJC780002）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 魏潇洋, 女, 23岁, 硕士研究生, 科技考古研究, E-mail: waterxyang@163.com

通讯作者: 凌雪, E-mail: lxue@nwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P597⁺.2, K876.1

收稿日期:2020-10-12
修回日期:2021-07-02
刊出日期:2021-09-30

Preliminary exploitation on human lifestyles of Rui State during the Spring-and-Autumn Period at Liujiawa Site—Based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of human bones

WEI Xiaoyang^1,,
CHONG Jianrong²,
SUN Zhanwei²,
CHEN Liang¹,
LEI Shuai¹,
LING Xue^1,,
1. College of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi
2. Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi'an 710043, Shaanxi


More Information

Corresponding author: LING Xue,E-mail:lxue@nwu.edu.cn

MSC: P597⁺.2, K876.1

--> Received Date: 12 October 2020
Revised Date: 02 July 2021
Publish Date: 30 September 2021


摘要
摘要:芮国是西周至春秋时期的一个小诸侯国，在我国历史发展进程中曾有着重要的地位和作用。由于文献记载零散且较少，对芮国的历史文化研究一直受到学界关注。陕西韩城梁带村遗址的发现与发掘，揭开了芮国的神秘面纱，而渭南刘家洼遗址的发掘为进一步了解古代芮国的历史提供了宝贵的资料。文章基于出土人骨的碳氮稳定同位素测定与分析，以期揭示刘家洼春秋时期芮国先民食谱特征，探讨其生活方式、经济形态等历史信息。测试结果显示，无污染的13例人骨样品中δ¹³C值在-11.8 ‰~-7.3 ‰，δ¹⁵N值在7.8 ‰~10.3 ‰之间；样品的δ¹³C值和δ¹⁵N值不相关。结果分析表明，春秋时期刘家洼芮国先民植物性食物主要来自C₄类植物，同时有一定比例的动物蛋白摄入；贵族墓中殉葬者摄入动物蛋白比例低于平民；陕西关中地区不同遗址先民的食物结构皆以C₄类植物为主，并包含一定比例的肉食，各地由于自然地理环境的差异，食物结构略有差异。春秋时期刘家洼芮国先民的生活方式以种植粟、黍等植物为主的农作物，并伴有狩猎和家畜饲养活动。
关键词: 刘家洼遗址/
芮国/
稳定同位素/
生活方式

Abstract:Rui State was a small vassal state from Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring-and-Autumn Period, which once played an important role in the historical development of our country. Due to the lack of documentary records, the study of Rui State's history and culture has attracted the attention of academic circles. The discovery and excavation of Liangdaicun Site in Hancheng County, Shaanxi Province has unveiled the mystery of Rui State, while the excavation of Liujiawa Site in Weinan provides us with valuable information for further understanding the history of ancient Rui State. Liujiawa Site(35°21'42.70″N, 109°51'28.81″E) is located 1.5 km northwest to Liujiawa Village, Wangzhuang Town, Chengcheng County, Shaanxi Province, with an altitude of about 940 m. There are 4 cemeteries in Liujiawa Site, with a total of more than 210. At present, the excavation of cemeteries in the East Ⅰ area and the West area has been completed. A total of 73 tombs have been excavated in the East Ⅰ area, including 3 large tombs, and the M3 discussed in this paper is one of them. The tombs found in the West area are small and medium-sized, and there are 44 in total, which are small and medium-sized vertical earth pit tombs. Due to human bone composition and burial environment, 13 human bone samples that can be collected were analyzed. Of the 13 human bones collected, 4 were the owners of civilian tombs, and the other 9 were martyrs in niches of the same large tomb. Based on the determination and analysis of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of unearthed human bones, this paper studied the characteristics of recipes of the ancestors of Rui State in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty of Liujiawa, and probe into the historical information such as their lifestyles and economic forms. The results showed that the human bone samples were well-preserved and could be used for diet analysis; the δ¹³C values of the samples ranged from-11.8 ‰ to-7.3 ‰, and the δ¹⁵N values of the samples ranged from 7.8 ‰ to 10.3 ‰; there was no correlation between the δ¹³C values and the δ¹⁵N values. The results showed that the plant food of the people of Liujiawa site in Spring-and-Autumn Period mainly came from C₄ plants, and a certain proportion of animal protein was ingested.; the proportion of animal protein intake of martyrs in noble tombs was lower than that of civilians; The food structure of ancestors in different sites in Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province is mainly C₄ plants, which contain a certain proportion of meat, and the food structure varies slightly due to the differences of natural geographical environment. During the Spring-and-Autumn Period, the lifestyles of the ancestors of Rui State in Liujiawa Site was mainly planting millet and other crops, accompanied by hunting and livestock breeding activities.
Key words:Liujiawa Site/
Rui State/
stable isotope/
lifestyles



PDF全文下载地址:

http://www.dsjyj.com.cn/data/article/export-pdf?id=39018942-4c2e-4247-9638-f0ff0a5f4a41