邹翔^1,,
侯书贵^1,2,,,
庞洪喜¹,
刘科¹,
张王滨¹,
于金海¹
1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023
2. 上海交通大学海洋学院, 上海 200240

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：91837102、41830644和41771031）、自然资源部国家海洋局极地考察办公室2020年度极地科学协同创新平台项目（批准号：CXPT2020012）和江苏省"333高层次人才工程"项目（批准号：BRA2020030）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 邹翔, 男, 30岁, 博士, 地理学专业, E-mail:zouxiang@nju.edu.cn

通讯作者: 侯书贵, E-mail:shuguihou@sjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P595;P728.2

收稿日期:2021-01-05
修回日期:2021-03-10
刊出日期:2021-05-30

Research progress of trace elements in polar snow and ice

ZOU Xiang^1,,
HOU Shugui^1,2,,,
PANG Hongxi¹,
LIU Ke¹,
ZHANG Wangbin¹,
YU Jinhai¹
1. School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu
2. School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240


More Information

Corresponding author: HOU Shugui,E-mail:shuguihou@sjtu.edu.cn

MSC: P595;P728.2

--> Received Date: 05 January 2021
Revised Date: 10 March 2021
Publish Date: 30 May 2021


摘要
摘要:极地由于其独特的地理位置和自然条件，发育了地球上最广泛且最集中的冰川，在全球气候和环境变化中发挥了举足轻重的作用。极地常年的低温环境使雪冰能完整保存过去大气沉降的痕量元素记录，可用于追踪排放源和重建过去人类和自然排放活动的历史。极地雪冰中痕量元素的研究最早可以追溯至20世纪60年代末，早期表层雪研究显示极地雪冰中痕量元素记录基本反映大气化学成分变化，而异常高的典型地壳元素值主要来源于火山喷发和海盐喷溅贡献。极地雪坑和浅雪芯中痕量元素记录显示自工业革命以来，加强的人类排放活动（例如化石燃料燃烧、有色金属冶炼和矿物开采活动）是极地雪冰中重金属元素富集的主要原因，其中南极地区雪冰中富集的痕量元素主要来源于南美洲国家，而北极地区雪冰中富集的痕量元素主要来源于北美和欧洲国家；另外，亚洲新兴经济体也是20世纪下半叶以来重要的排放源。极地深冰芯同样记录了工业革命以前南欧的人类排放活动对格陵兰冰盖大气沉降的痕量元素影响。此外，深冰芯痕量元素记录也呈现了冰期-间冰期尺度大气沉降痕量元素的变化特征。因而极地雪冰中痕量元素研究为重建过去人类和自然排放活动的历史提供了宝贵数据。然而，先前极地雪冰中痕量元素的研究大都以常规测试方法和常规元素研究为主，下一步工作应聚焦雪冰中新同位素记录和元素研究，以及探索新方法（例如激光-剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱）以获取冰芯中更高分辨率且连续的痕量元素记录。
关键词: 痕量元素/
大气污染/
雪冰记录/
物质来源/
人类活动

Abstract:Due to its unique geographical location and natural conditions, the polar regions have developed the most extensive and concentrated glaciers on the earth, which play a pivotal role in global climate and environmental changes. As a perennial low temperature environment, polar snow and ice can completely preserve the trace element records from the past atmospheric deposition, which are available for tracing sources and reconstructing the past history of human and natural activities. The earliest research on trace elements in polar snow and ice can be traced back to the late 1960s. Early surface snow studies show that trace element records in polar snow and ice basically reflect changes in atmospheric chemical composition, and the major sources of unusually high values of typical crustal elements are attributed to volcanic eruption and sea-salt spray. Trace element records in snow pits and shallow snow cores show that since the Industrial Revolution, enhanced human emission activities(such as fossil fuel combustion, non-ferrous metal smelting, and mineral mining operations) have been the main reason for the enrichment of heavy metal elements in polar snow and ice. The trace elements enriched in Antarctic ice and snow mainly come from South American countries, while the trace elements enriched in Arctic ice and snow mainly come from North America and European countries. In addition, emerging Asian economies have also been important sources of trace elements in Arctic ice and snow since the second half of the 20th century. The polar deep ice core records also found the influence of human activities in southern Europe on the atmospheric deposition of the Greenland ice sheet before the Industrial Revolution. In addition, the characteristics of trace element changes in atmospheric deposition at the glacial-interglacial scale are also presented by deep ice core records. However, these results provide valuable data for reconstructing the past history of anthropogenic and natural activities. Previous studies of trace elements in polar snow and ice mostly focused on conventional test methods and elements. Further work should focus on new isotope records and element studies in snow and ice, and explore new methods(such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, LA-ICP-MS) for obtaining ultrahigh-resolution and continuous trace element records in the ice core.
Key words:trace element/
air pollution/
snow and ice record/
sources/
human activities



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