梁壮^1,,
任娜欧¹,
段文凯¹,
张海江²,
付野¹,
张凤荣¹,
王数^1,,,
王清韵¹
1. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
2. 武安市磁山文化博物馆, 河北 武安 056302

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：41671216）资助


详细信息

作者简介: 梁壮, 女, 23岁, 硕士研究生, 土地资源管理专业, E-mail:lianglz35@163.com

通讯作者: 王数, E-mail:wangshu@cau.edu.cn

中图分类号: P534.63;S159.2

收稿日期:2019-11-06
修回日期:2020-03-22
刊出日期:2020-09-30

Micro-morphological characteristics of loess-paleosol in the Cishan area and its paleoclimatic significance

Liang Zhuang^1,,
Ren Na¹,
Duan Wenkai¹,
Zhang Haijiang²,
Fu Ye¹,
Zhang Fengrong¹,
Wang Shu^1,,,
Wang Qingyun¹
1. College of Land Science and Techonology, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193
2. Cishan Culture Museum in Wuan City, Wu'an 056302, Hebei


More Information

Corresponding author: Wang Shu,E-mail:wangshu@cau.edu.cn

MSC: P534.63;S159.2

--> Received Date: 06 November 2019
Revised Date: 22 March 2020
Publish Date: 30 September 2020


摘要
摘要:为了探究磁山地区历史时期的古气候特点，本研究以河北省武安市磁山文化遗址区的黄土-古土壤为研究对象，该地区分布的黄土主要为晚更新世的马兰黄土和次生黄土，利用土壤切片图像处理分析系统和image-pro plus 6.0等软件对图像进行处理和分析，主要从微结构、孔隙特征及矿物成分这3个方面分析黄土和古土壤的微形态特征，并研究该地区黄土及古土壤的粒度和磁化率特征。得出结论如下：1）磁山地区的马兰黄土主要是粒状结构，孔隙度低，矿物以石英和长石为主；次生黄土主要有镶嵌微结构，还有典型的"斑状"微结构，孔隙度比马兰黄土小，粗颗粒仍然主要为石英、长石。2）马兰黄土中古土壤的粗颗粒主要为石英，孔隙壁沉淀较多方解石，存在发育良好的淀积粘粒胶膜，反映当时该地区气候温暖湿润，古土壤形成后，马兰黄土中的微形态特征、磁化率和粒度特征显示气候逐渐变得干冷，且冬季风强；次生黄土的微形态特点及磁化率特征，反映出次生黄土形成的后期比前期相对湿润。3）根据微形态和磁化率特征可知：磁山地区在晚更新世中期，气候从温湿逐渐变为干冷，晚更新世晚期则从干冷向相对温湿发展。
关键词: 黄土/
古土壤/
微形态特征/
古气候/
黄土粒度和磁化率

Abstract:In order to explore the characteristics of paleoclimate of the Cishan area and provide a basis for further research, this paper takes the loess-paleosol sequence in the Cishan Culture Site area of Wu'an City, Hebei Province as the research object. The distributed in this area is mainly Malan Loess and secondary loess in the Late Pleistocene. In this paper, two representative natural soil profiles are selected for the study, which are located in Niuwapu site (Niuwapu profile:114°03'13"E, 36°34'52"N) and Xiwannian site (Xiwannian profile:114°08'39"E, 36°36'54"N) respectively. The thickness of Niuwapu profile is 310 cm, of which 0~75 cm is modern soil, 75~175 cm is loess layer, and 175~310 cm is paleosol layer. The thickness of Xiwannian profile is 155 cm, of which 0~90 cm is modern soil and 90~155 cm is loess layer. According to the natural stratification of loess-paleosol profile, soil samples are collected from the loess-paleosol sequence every 2 cm, and the undisturbed soil is made into standard thin sections by sieving grinding, slicing, abrading and sticking. Then, the images are processed and analyzed by the image processing and analysis system of soil slicing and the image-pro plus 6.0 software. This paper mainly analyzes the micromorphological characteristics of loess and paleosol from the aspects of microstructure, pore characteristics and mineral composition, and studies the grain-size and magnetic susceptibility characteristics of loess-paleosol in this area. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Malan Loess in Cishan Region is mainly granular structure with low porosity and weak weathering, there are main minerals as quartz and feldspar, reflecting the dry climate and strong winter wind during the formation period. Modified loess mainly has a mosaic microstructure, as well as a typical "phenocryst" microstructure. The porosity is smaller than that of the Malan loess, and the coarse particles are still mainly quartz and feldspar. (2) In Malan loess, the skeleton grain in the paleosol is mainly quartz, the pore wall precipitates more calcite, and there is a well-developed illuviation argillan, reflecting the warm and humid climate and abundant precipitation in the area at that time. After the formation of paleosol, the micromorphological characteristics, magnetic susceptibility and grain size of Malan Loess show that the climate was getting gradually dry and cold, and the winter monsoon was strong; the micromorphology and magnetic susceptibility characteristics of the secondary loess reflect that the climate in the later stage of the formation of the secondary loess was wetter than that in the earlier stage. (3) According to the micromorphology and magnetic susceptibility characteristics, it is concluded that the climatic conditions in Cishan area gradually changed from warm to humid in the middle of the Late Pleistocene; in the late period of the Late Pleistocene, the climate gradually developed into a humid direction.
Key words:loess/
paleosol/
micromorphological characteristics/
paleoclimate/
granularity and magnetic susceptibility



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