陈鑫鑫^1,2,,
赵玉国^1,2,
吴运金³,
张甘霖^1,2
1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210008
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏 南京 210042

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（批准号：2017YFC0803807）、公安部物证鉴定中心现场物证溯源技术国家工程实验室开放项目（批准号：2017NELKFKT03）和公安部物证鉴定中心协同创新工作项目（批准号：2016XTCX03）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 陈鑫鑫, 女, 26岁, 硕士研究生, 土壤形态溯源研究, E-mail:xxchen@issas.ac.cn

中图分类号: S153.6⁺1

收稿日期:2019-12-17
修回日期:2020-03-18
刊出日期:2020-09-30

Morphological characteristics of quartz grains in soils derived from granite in different climatic zones of China

Chen Xinxin^1,2,,
Zhao Yuguo^1,2,
Wu Yunjin³,
Zhang Ganlin^1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu


MSC: S153.6⁺1

--> Received Date: 17 December 2019
Revised Date: 18 March 2020
Publish Date: 30 September 2020


摘要
摘要:石英颗粒形态特征已被广泛用于土壤风化和侵蚀与古气候重建的研究。我国花岗岩空间分布极为广泛，气候、植被与土地利用多种多样，其发育土壤中的石英颗粒形态必然也存在差异。本研究选取了我国5类气候带下的花岗岩母质发育的典型土壤的表层样品，利用扫描电镜分析石英颗粒形态特征，旨在进一步揭示气候对石英颗粒风化的影响。结果表明：1）石英颗粒形态特征具有明显的规律性，表现为随着纬度的降低，石英颗粒的圆化程度及溶蚀程度均有所增强，机械特征发育减弱。2）基于石英颗粒形态特征建立的半定量特征统计指标更好地表现出了显著的地带性差异，其与地理纬度之间具有显著的相关性，也进一步证明了气候因子对石英颗粒形态特征的影响。
关键词: 石英颗粒表面形态/
石英颗粒特征指标/
不同气候带/
扫描电镜

Abstract:Specific transport mode, sedimentary environment and soil forming factors will leave specific morphological characteristics and combinations on the surface of quartz grains. The spatial distribution of granite in China is very extensive, and the climate, vegetation and land use are varied, so the quartz grain morphology in these soils must be different. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the differences in the morphological characteristics of quartz grains in the soils of granite development in different climatic zones.
According to the investigation results of typical soil series in China, 18 samples of granite developed topsoil were selected in 5 different climatic zones. They are respectively distributed in north temperate zone (Heilongjiang Province, 3 soil samples), warm temperate zone (Beijing, 3 soil samples), subtropical zone (Zhejiang Province, 3 soil samples), south subtropical zone (Guangdong Province, 5 soil samples) and tropical zone (Hainan Province, 4 soil samples). All soils are developed on the parent material of granite residue in low hills, and the vegetation type is forest irrigation. Soil sample pretreatment was carried out in the soil and environment analysis and testing center of Nanjing Soil Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. SEM observation was carried out in the electron microscope room of Nanjing Institute of paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In this paper, 10 typical morphological characteristics of quartz grains are analyzed. Three semi quantitative characteristic indexes are established to indicate the differences between different climatic zones. The results show that the quartz grains in the soil of high latitude area are mostly angular. The mechanical characteristics such as shell fracture, parallel cleavage and arc step appear frequently, while the development of chemical dissolution is not strong, and the precipitation of silica is mainly composed of silica sphere and silica scale. With the decrease of latitude, the number of milled quartz grains increases gradually. The development of mechanical characteristics weakens, meanwhile the chemical dissolution tends to increase. The roundness, dissolution and mechanical degree can effectively reflect the characteristics of quartz grains in different climatic zones:With the decrease of geographic latitude, the roundness and dissolution degree are gradually increased, while the mechanical degree is gradually reduced. The roundness, dissolution and mechanical degree of quartz grains were significantly correlated with the climatic factors. With the decrease of geographic latitude, the content of clay grains in the soil is relatively increased, and the water holding capacity, precipitation and temperature of the soil are also gradually increased. The high-energy chemical environment makes the quartz grains in the soil more easily weathered. Therefore, the roundness, dissolution and mechanical degree of quartz grains vary with different climatic zones.
Key words:surface morphology of quartz grains/
characteristic index of quartz grains/
different climatic zones/
SEM



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