Tianyi Wang
Xichao Wu
Xuechun Fan
Wei Wang
Guangmao Xie
Zhen Li
Qingping Yang
Peng Cao
Ruowei Yang
Feng Liu
Qingyan Dai
Xiaotian Feng
Wanjing Ping
Bo Miao
Yun Wu
Yichen Liu
Qiaomei Fu
a. Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;
b. Sino-Danish Center, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
c. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
d. Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China;
e. Fujian Longyan Museum, Longyan 364000, China;
f. International Research Center for Austronesian Archaeology, Pingtan 350000, China;
g. Fujian Museum, Fuzhou 350001, China;
h. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
i. Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relic Protection and Archaeology, Nanning 530022, China;
j. College of History, Culture and Tourism, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541001, China;
k. Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Kunming 650118, China;
l. Archaeological Institute for Yangtze Civilization, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Funds: XDB26000 000, YSBR-019, XDA1905010, QYZDB-SSW-DQC003), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41925009, 41630102, 41672021), “Research on the roots of Chinese civilization” of Zhengzhou University (XKZDJC202006), Tencent Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (55008731).
We thank everyone in the laboratory for comments. We also thank our anonymous peer reviewers for constructive comments that have greatly helped us improve the quality of this study. This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS
Received Date: 2021-04-19
Accepted Date:2021-06-05
Rev Recd Date:2021-06-04
Publish Date:2021-06-21
Abstract
Abstract
Southern East Asia, including Guangxi and Fujian provinces in China, is home to diverse ethnic groups, languages, and cultures. Previous studies suggest a high complexity regarding population dynamics and the history of southern East Asians. However, large-scale genetic studies on ancient populations in this region are hindered by limited sample preservation. Here, using highly efficient DNA capture techniques, we obtain 48 complete mitochondrial genomes of individuals from Guangxi and Fujian in China and reconstruct their maternal genetic history over the past 12,000 years. We find a strong connection between southern East Asians dating to ~12,000–6000 years ago and present-day Southeast Asians. In addition, stronger genetic affinities to northern East Asians are observed in historical southern East Asians than Neolithic southern East Asians, suggesting increased interactions between northern and southern East Asians over time. Overall, we reveal dynamic connections between ancient southern East Asians and populations located in surrounding regions, as well as a shift in maternal genetic structure within the populations over time.Keywords: Ancient DNA,
Southern East Asians,
Population history,
Maternal genetic structure
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