Zhongjie Sun
Ligong Chen
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2 Newish Technology(Beijing) Co., Ltd., Xihuan South Road 18, Economic&Technical Development Zone, Beijing 100176, China;
3 Moon(Guangzhou) Biotech Co., Ltd., Room 301, Building B5, Enterprise Accelerator, No. 11 Kaiyuan Avenue, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510000, China;
4 Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China
Funds: This work was supported by Nation Science and Technology Major Projects for Major New Drugs Innovation and Development (2018ZX09711003-004-002 to L.C.) and by Newish Technology (Beijing) Co.
Received Date: 2019-12-31
Abstract
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that memory T cells including stem cell memory (Tscm) T cells and central memory (Tcm) T cells show superior persistence and antitumor immunity compared with effector memory T (Tem) cells and effector T (Teff) cells. Furthermore, the Tcm/Teff ratio has been reported to be a predictive biomarker of immune responses against some tumors. Thus, a system-level understanding of the mechanisms underlying the differentiation of effector and memory T cells is of increasing importance for developing immunological strategies against various tumors. This review focuses on recent advances in efficacy against tumors, the origin, formation mechanisms of memory T cells, and the role of the gut microbiota in memory T cell formation. Furthermore, we summarize strategies to generate memory T cells in (ex) vivo that, might be applicable in clinical practice.Keywords: memory T cells,
tumor immunology,
metabolism,
gut microbiota
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