Junjun Ding
1 Program in Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;
2 Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
Received Date: 2018-10-06
Rev Recd Date:2018-10-31
Abstract
Abstract
Sialylation, or the covalent addition of sialic acid to the terminal end of glycoproteins, is a biologically important modification that is involved in embryonic development, neurodevelopment, reprogramming, oncogenesis and immune responses. In this review, we have given a comprehensive overview of the current literature on the involvement of sialylation in cell fate decision during development, reprogramming and cancer progression. Sialylation is essential for early embryonic development and the deletion of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase, a rate-limiting enzyme in sialic acid biosynthesis, is embryonically lethal. Furthermore, the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 is required for somatic cell reprogramming, and its downregulation is associated with decreased reprogramming efficiency. In addition, sialylation levels and patterns are altered during cancer progression, indicating the potential of sialylated molecules as cancer biomarkers. Taken together, the current evidences demonstrate that sialylation is involved in crucial cell fate decision.Keywords: sialylation,
cell fate,
development,
reprogramming,
cancer
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