摘要:流经传感器的风速是决定百叶箱气温测量精度的主要因素之一。基于计算流体动力学CFD仿真，对我国地面气象观测中广泛应用的玻璃钢百叶箱内部风场特征进行了研究。结果表明，受长方体结构特征以及侧面叶片导流的影响，百叶箱内部风场具有明显的非均一性特征，在水平剖面和垂直剖面上分别出现明显的梭形流场和环形流场；百叶箱对环境空气的流动具有明显的阻挡作用，平均相对风速减小率在箱体中轴线上存在明显的垂直差异，最小值53%出现在0.08 m附近，同时在0.25 m和0.55 m高度附近分别存在值为85%和88%的局部最大值。平均相对风速减小率随环境风向的改变而呈周期性变化，当环境风向与箱体侧面成45°、135°、225°和315°时，出现极小值73%，当环境风向与箱体侧面成0°、90°、180°和270°时，出现极大值93%。
关键词:风速风向/
玻璃钢百叶箱/
CFD仿真/
平均相对风速减小率
Abstract:The wind flowing through the sensor is one of the main factors determining the accuracy of the temperature measurement of reinforced plastics screen. Based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the relationship between the wind of reinforced plastics screen and the environmental wind which is widely used in surface meteorological observation is studied. The results show that due to the influence of the cuboid structure and the lateral vane diversion, the wind of reinforced plastics screen is obviously inhomogeneous. Obvious fusiform flow and annular flow fields appear on the horizontal and vertical profiles, respectively. Reinforced plastics screen has significant blocking effect on the flow of air. There is vertical difference in the average relative wind speed reduction ratio along the axis of reinforced plastics screen, and the minimum is 53% at around 0.08-m height. At the heights of around 0.25 m and 0.55 m, the local maximum values of average relative wind speed reduction ratio can reach up to 85% and 88%, respectively. The average relative wind speed reduction ratio varies periodically with changes in the environmental wind direction. When the wind directions are 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°, the minimum value is 73%. When the wind direction is 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°, the maximum value is 93%.
Key words:Wind speed and direction/
Reinforced plastics screen/
CFD simulation/
Average relative wind speed reduction ratio
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