doi:10.12202/j.0476-0301.2020230修红玲^{1, 2},
朱文彬^1,,,
韦家兴^{1, 2},
吕爱锋¹
1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，100101，北京
2.辽宁科技大学 土木工程学院，114051，辽宁鞍山
基金项目:青海省重大科技专项资助项目（2019-SF-A4）；中国科学院青促会资助项目（2020056）

详细信息

通讯作者:朱文彬（1987—），男，副研究员，博士。研究方向：水文水资源。e-mail：zhuwb@igsnrr.ac.cn

中图分类号:TV213.4

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出版历程

收稿日期:2019-11-13
网络出版日期:2020-07-29
刊出日期:2020-06-01

Key technologies and policies to adjust water resource-carrying capacity

Hongling XIU^{1, 2},
Wenbin ZHU^1,,,
Jiaxing WEI^{1, 2},
Aifeng YU¹
1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
2. School of Civil Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 114051, Anshan, Liaoning, China



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摘要
摘要:目前中国水资源安全保障的主要矛盾为承载过度，水资源承载能力成为制约我国经济社会发展的主要因素之一. 以北京市、鄂尔多斯市和石羊河流域为典型区，在案例分析和实地调研的基础上，对中国水资源承载能力调控的经验进行总结，并进一步从“强载”和“卸荷”2个层面提出水资源承载能力双向调控的主要措施. 研究表明：中国水资源承载能力调控的“强载”措施主要包括非常规水资源利用、水资源优化配置和水污染防治技术与政策；“卸荷”措施主要包括需水管理、节水技术和水价政策. 这些技术与政策为水资源承载能力的调控提供了有力的依据，对实现水资源安全、经济社会的可持续发展具有深远意义.
关键词:水资源承载能力/
水资源管理/
强载/
卸荷/
可持续发展
Abstract:A major problem of water resource security in China is overloading, therefore water resource-carrying capacity (WRCC) has become a key factor in restricting economic and social development. Against this background, WRCC regulation measures in the regions of Beijing, Ordos and Shiyang River Basin are summarized based on case studies and field surveys. Key technologies and polices to adjust WRCC are put forward, taken into account of “support-reinforcement” and “unloading”. “Support-reinforcement” measures include unconventional water resources utilization, optimal allocation of water resources, and water pollution control. “Unloading” measures include water demand management, water-saving technologies, and water price policy. These technologies and policies not only provide good foundation for WRCC regulations, but also help to balance water resources utilization with social-economic development.
Key words:water resource carrying capacity/
water resources management/
support-reinforcing/
unloading/
sustainable development