张 娜 ,张金凤 ,张庆河 ,王一航 ,张义丰
AuthorsHTML:张 娜 ^{1, 2}，张金凤 ^{1, 3}，张庆河 ¹ ，王一航 ¹ ，张义丰 ²
AuthorsListE:Zhang Na,Zhang Jinfeng,Zhang Qinghe,Wang Yihang,Zhang Yifeng
AuthorsHTMLE:Zhang Na^{1, 2}，Zhang Jinfeng^{1, 3}，Zhang Qinghe¹，Wang Yihang¹，Zhang Yifeng²
Unit:1. 天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室，天津 300072；
2. 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室，天津 300456；
3. 天津大学中国地震局地震工程综合模拟与城乡抗震韧性重点实验室，天津 300350

Unit_EngLish:1. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China；
2. Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment，Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering， Ministry of Transport，Tianjin 300456，China；
3. Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering Simulation and Seismic Resilience，China Earthquake Administration(EESSR)，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300350，China

Abstract_Chinese:将植物引入到生态护岸工程当中，利用植物削弱波浪、增强岸坡的稳定性，可以达到环境效益和经济效益 兼得的效果．基于天津市水域岸坡的现场调研，选取坡度为 1∶3.5 的单式护岸断面，在波浪水槽中建立考虑盐生植 物的蜂巢生态护岸断面模型，研究其在不同规则波要素作用下的波浪爬高、越浪、近底波生流、护岸稳定性状 况．研究结果表明：植物蜂巢生态护岸有效削弱了来浪，使得波浪爬高最大降低 40%和单宽平均越浪量衰减最大可 达到 90%以上，且植物密度越大，衰减越多；植物蜂巢生态护岸对波浪近底流速没有明显影响，近底流速随着植物 密度增大还呈现略微增大的趋势；植物蜂巢生态护岸有效防护了岸坡，增大了波浪作用下护岸坡面的稳定性；综合 考虑波浪爬高与植物单位密度植数、水深、平均入射波高、周期、波长等物理量之间的关系，拟合出能直接考虑不 同植物密度的波浪爬高计算公式，并通过对物理模型试验组次的计算，验证了公式的可靠性．通过与其他经验公式 对比，表明《港口与航道水文规范》推荐公式以及本文拟合公式都能在一定程度上反映波浪在柔性植物斜坡护岸上 的爬高．
Abstract_English:Vegetation is introduced into the construction of ecological revetment projects to weaken waves and enhance the stability of bank slopes. This kind of ecological slope protection can contribute to tackling environmental issues，having both ecological and economic benefits. Following the field investigation of the revetments in Tianjinarea，a model of ecologically vegetated，honeycomb-type revetment with a slope of 1∶3.5 was selected and built in the wave flume. Then，this model was used to study the wave run-up，wave overtopping，near-bed velocity，and the stability of the slope under the action of various regular waves. Results show that the ecological，honeycomb-type revetment effectively reduces the wave run-up height and the amount of wave overtopping. The maximum reduction of wave run-up is 40% and the maximum reduction of average wave overtopping per unit width is more than 90%. It is shown that the higher the density of the plants，the greater the wave attenuation. The ecological，honeycomb-type plant revetment has no obvious impact on the near-bottom velocity of waves. Moreover，near-bottom velocity shows a slight increasing trend with the increase in the plant density. The ecological，honeycomb-type plant revetment effec\u0002tively protects the bank slope and increases the stability of the revetment slope under the action of waves. The relationship between the wave run-up and the plant density，water depth，average incident wave height，wave period， wavelength，and other physical quantities is considered. The empirical formula of wave run-up under the influence of different plant densities is proposed. The reliability of the formula is verified by the results of the physical model experiment. When compared with other empirical formulas，it is shown that the formula recommended in the standard of “Code of Hydrology for Harbour and Waterway” and the formula obtained in this paper can be used to calculate the height of wave run-up on the revetment protection using flexible plants.
Keyword_Chinese:柔性植物；波浪爬高；越浪；物理模型；盐生植物
Keywords_English:flexible plant；wave run-up；wave overtopping；physical model；halophyte

PDF全文下载地址:http://xbzrb.tju.edu.cn/#/digest?ArticleID=6623