\r雷华阳^{1, 2}，翟塞北¹，刘英男¹，屠慈科¹，刘 敏\r¹\r
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AuthorsHTML:\r雷华阳^{1, 2}，翟塞北¹，刘英男¹，屠慈科¹，刘 敏\r¹\r
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AuthorsListE:\rLei Huayang^{1, 2}，Zhai Saibei¹，Liu Yingnan¹，Tu Cike¹，Liu Min\r¹\r
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AuthorsHTMLE:\rLei Huayang^{1, 2}，Zhai Saibei¹，Liu Yingnan¹，Tu Cike¹，Liu Min\r¹\r
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Unit:\r1. 天津大学建筑工程学院，天津300354；
2. 天津大学滨海土木工程结构与安全教育部重点实验室，天津300354\r
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Unit_EngLish:\r1. School of Civil Engineering，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300354，China；
2. Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structure Safety of Ministry of Education，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300354，China\r
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Abstract_Chinese:\r传统土体变形测量一般限定于土体的宏观变形及边界区域，透明砂土为土体流动、变形和应变的可视化观测提供了可能．通过分析人工合成透明砂土的核心思想、所用材料和配置方法，选用熔融石英砂作为固体颗粒与15#白油和正十二烷的混合液体作为孔隙液体制配透明砂土以模拟天然砂土，研究了孔隙液体配合比例和熔融石英砂粒径对透明度的影响，对透明砂土和天津地区河砂进行了筛分试验、压缩试验、直剪试验等物理力学特性试验并对基本物理力学参数进行对比分析．研究表明：15#白油和正十二烷的体积比为10∶3 时为孔隙液体的最佳配合比例，粒径为0.1～1.3 mm 为最适合透明砂土模型试验的粒径尺寸，固体颗粒和孔隙液体的匹配折射率为1.455 2．通过压缩试验得出透明砂土比天津地区河砂的压缩性要高，两者的压缩指标较为接近；通过直剪试验得出两者在较低法向应力条件下的剪应力-剪切位移曲线相近，较高法向应力条件下剪应力-剪切位移曲线出现较大差异，透明砂土的内摩擦角为38.6°，天津地区河砂的内摩擦角为35.7°，黏聚力均可忽略不计．对比分析表明人工合成透明砂土在土体强度及变形方面能够表征天然砂土，验证了透明砂土应用于模型试验的可行性．\r
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Abstract_English:\rTraditional soil deformation measurement is generally limited to macroscopic deformation and boundary region of soil; moreover, transparent soil enables visualizing the flow, deformation, and strain of soil. By analyzing the core principle, materials, and configuration methods of synthetic transparent soil, it is developed to model natural sand using molten quartz sand as the solid particle and a mixture of White Oil 15 and n-dodecane as the pore liquid. The effects of the mixture ratio of pore liquid and particle size of molten quartz sand on the visual transparency of transparent soil are studied herein. The physical and mechanical properties of transparent soil and Tianjin river sands are evaluated with tests such as particle size analysis, compression test, and direct shear test. Additionally, basic physical and mechanical parameters are compared and analyzed. The results show that a volume ratio of White Oil 15 to ndodecane at 10∶3 serves as the best proportion of pore liquid, a particle size range of 0.1—1.3 mm is the most appropriate for the model test of transparent soil, and the most suitable refractive index of solid particles and pore liquids is 1.455 2. The results of the compression test show that the compressibility of transparent soil is higher than that of Tianjin River sand, and the compression indexes of both are relatively close. The results of the direct shear test show that the curves of shear stress-shear displacement are similar under the condition of lower normal stress, while the curves of shear stress-shear displacement show a greater difference under higher normal stress. The angles of internal friction of transparent soil and Tianjin River sands are 38.6° and 35.7°, respectively, while the adhesive force is negligible. A comparative analysis shows that synthetic transparent soil shares the characteristics of natural sand in terms of soil strength and deformation, thereby verifying the feasibility of the application of transparent sand in the model test.\r
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Keyword_Chinese:透明砂土；透明度；石英砂粒径；孔隙液体配比；压缩特性；强度特性\r

Keywords_English:transparent sand；transparency；particle size of quartz sand；ratio of pore liquid；compression property；strength characteristics\r


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