\r竺明星^{1, 2, 3}，姜开渝^{1, 2}，龚维明^{1, 2}，戴国亮^{1, 2}，万志辉\r^{1, 2}\r
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AuthorsHTML:\r竺明星^{1, 2, 3}，姜开渝^{1, 2}，龚维明^{1, 2}，戴国亮^{1, 2}，万志辉\r^{1, 2}\r
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AuthorsListE:\rZhu Mingxing ^{1, 2, 3}，Jiang Kaiyu ^{1, 2}，Gong Weiming ^{1, 2}，Dai Guoliang ^{1, 2}，Wan Zhihui \r^{1, 2}\r
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AuthorsHTMLE:\rZhu Mingxing ^{1, 2, 3}，Jiang Kaiyu ^{1, 2}，Gong Weiming ^{1, 2}，Dai Guoliang ^{1, 2}，Wan Zhihui \r^{1, 2}\r
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Unit:\r1. 东南大学混凝土及预应力混凝土结构教育部重点实验室，南京 211189；
\r\r2. 东南大学土木工程学院，南京 211189；\r
\r\r3. 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司，南京 211102\r
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Unit_EngLish:\r1. Key Laboratory for RC and PRC Structure of Ministry of Education，Southeast University，Nanjing 211189，China；
2. School of Civil Engineering，Southeast University，Nanjing 211189，China；
3. Jiangsu Electric Power Design Institute Co.，Ltd.，China Energy Engineering Group，Nanjing 211102，China\r
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Abstract_Chinese:\r为研究挡土墙后回填土坡面倾角对挡土墙主动土压力的影响，首先基于莫尔圆推导了任意深度处土体滑裂面倾角的理论公式，进而建立回填土非线性滑裂面离散方程．随后考虑回填土重度、黏聚力、内摩擦角以及墙-土界面黏聚力、墙-土界面摩擦角的影响，在非线性滑裂面基础上采用薄层单元法推导了考虑坡面倾角影响的非线性主动土压力递推公式．案例对比表明理论计算结果与实测值吻合很好，验证了理论的正确性；同时，该理论克服了传统的郎肯及库伦法无法求解回填土坡面倾角大于回填土内摩擦角的情况．参数分析结果表明：挡土墙主动土压力合力E_a 随着回填土坡面倾角与回填土内摩擦角之间比值的增加而呈非线性增加，并在该比值的临界处达到主动土压力合
力最大值E_{a, max}；随后E_a 随着该比值的增加而快速衰减，这是由于过大的坡面倾角使得土体产生塑性流动破坏．E_{a, max} 随着回填土内摩擦角、重度及挡土墙高度的增加而增加，而其他参数对E_{a, max} 影响非常小；坡面倾角与回填土内摩擦角临界比值随着回填土黏聚力的增加以及回填土内摩擦角、重度及挡土墙高度的减小而增加．\r
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Abstract_English:\rAbstract：In this study，the influence of the inclined slope angle of backfill on the active earth pressure against the back of a retaining wall was evaluated by determining the sliding plane angle of the soil element at an arbitrary depth using the Mohr’s circle．Accordingly，the discrete equation of nonlinear slip surface for backfill was established．Based on the flat element method，the recursive formula for nonlinear active earth pressure was also obtained by considering the influence of factors such as gravity，cohesion，and friction angle of backfill as well as the cohesion and friction angle between soil and retaining wall．Results of the proposed method were comparable with those of the validation cases，which verified the rationality of the proposed calculation theory．The proposed method can overcome the disadvantages of using conventional Rankine and Coulomb methods that cannot be used in cases wherein the inclined slope angle exceeds the backfill friction angle．Parametric studies revealed that with an increasing ratio of slope angle to backfill friction angle，the resultant force of active earth pressure E_a will nonlinearly increase and reach a maximum value E_a, max when the angle ratio approaches a critical value．Meanwhile，with a continuously increasing angle ratio，E_a will rapidly decrease due to a larger inclined angle leading to soil plastic flow．E_{a, max} will increase with rising backfill friction angle，gravity，and wall height，whereas other parameters negligibly influence E_{a, max}．Meanwhile，the critical angle ratio will increase with increasing backfill cohesion and decreasing backfill friction angle，gravity，and wall height．\r
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Keyword_Chinese:挡土墙；主动土压力；莫尔圆；非线性滑裂面；薄层单元法\r

Keywords_English:retaining wall；active earth pressure；Mohr’s circle；nonlinear slip surface；flat element method\r


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