刘括, 李晓彤, 车宗豪, 梁腾, 方蕾, 霍忠明, 闫喜武
大连海洋大学水产与生命学院 辽宁省贝类良种繁育工程技术研究中心, 辽宁 大连 116023

摘要:
贝类壳形态具有丰富、复杂的多态性。壳形态作为贝类重要的数量性状是一种环境适应的进化，是不同生理功能适应其生活方式的结果，受环境和遗传因素影响，与贝类的生长、存活、代谢及繁殖等生态、生理行为密切相关。通过贝类可量可数性状建立的壳形态数值分类学方法已在贝类种群形态学比较及群体亲缘关系研究中广泛应用。本文对贝类种群壳形态性状的多态性研究进行了综述，并对壳形态分析方法在贝类种质资源评估（种群识别）及遗传育种（壳宽型/深凹型品系选育）中的应用提出展望，旨在为研究者较全面了解壳形态性状的多态性和分析方法提供参考。
关键词:壳形态多态性环境遗传育种方法
DOI：10.11759/hykx20201018001
分类号:S-90
基金项目:国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新项目”（2018YFD0901404，2019YFD0900704）；国家贝类产业技术体系专项（CARS-49）；辽宁省‘兴辽英才计划’项目（XLYC1807271）；大连市支持高层次人才创新创业项目（2017RQ062）

Current trends in population research on shell morphological polymorphism of mollusks
LIU Kuo, LI Xiao-tong, CHE Zong-hao, LIANG Teng, FANG Lei, HUO Zhong-ming, YAN Xi-wu
Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Abstract:
Mollusks exhibit abundant and complex polymorphism in their shell morphology, resulting from adaptive evolution. The morphology of shellfish is a quantitative character that is closely associated with the ecological and physiological behaviors of bivalves, such as growth, survival, metabolism, and reproduction. Analysis of shell morphology is one of the principal methods of shellfish identification and has become an important index for germplasm evaluation and selective breeding. On the basis of quantitative trait comparison, numerical taxonomy methods to analyze mollusk shell morphology have been established. In an attempt to help researchers obtain the whole picture of shell morphological polymorphism and analytical methods, this article reviews current trends in shell morphological polymorphism research of shellfish and might be of valuable use to germplasm evaluation and selective breeding of shellfish varieties.
Key words:shell morphologypolymorphismenvironmentgeneticbreeding method





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