胡发文, 王晓龙, 高凤祥, 李莉, 菅玉霞, 王雪, 樊英, 潘雷, 郭文
山东省海洋生物研究院 山东省海水养殖病害防治重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266104

摘要:
采用静水呼吸室法，研究了温度、盐度和两种麻醉剂（丁香油、MS-222）对体质量为（6.44±0.59） g的大泷六线鱼幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响。实验分别设置了5个温度梯度（8℃、12℃、16℃、20℃、24℃），5个盐度梯度（15‰、20‰、25‰、30‰、35‰），6个丁香油浓度梯度（0、8、16、24、32、40 mg/L）和5个MS-222浓度梯度（0、10、20、30、40 mg/L）。结果显示，温度、盐度和两种麻醉剂均对耗氧率和排氨率有显著性影响。8℃时，耗氧率和排氨率最低，随温度升高先升高后降低，且均在20℃时达到峰值；盐度30‰时，耗氧率和排氨率最低，盐度升高或降低都会导致耗氧率和排氨率升高；丁香油和MS-222均能有效降低大泷六线鱼的耗氧率和排氨率，其中丁香油的降低效果更为明显；丁香油浓度为24 mg/L时或MS-222为20 mg/L时可使大泷六线鱼处于深度镇定期，结合耗氧率及排氨率变化，认为上述浓度是大泷六线鱼幼鱼保活运输的最佳浓度；本研究所有处理组的O：N比值范围均在14.77~24.11之间，表明适宜温度和盐度条件下，大泷六线鱼幼鱼主要由蛋白质和脂肪提供能量。研究认为，适度降温、自然盐度和适宜浓度的麻醉剂处理均可显著降低大泷六线鱼幼鱼的呼吸代谢强度，其中丁香油相比MS-222作用效果更加明显。本研究结果为实现大泷六线鱼高质量运输提供了科学参考。
关键词:大泷六线鱼耗氧率排氨率丁香油MS-222
DOI：10.11759/hykx20200522001
分类号:S981.9
基金项目:山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目（SD2019YY007）；山东省重点研发计划项目（2019GHY112062，2019GHY112071）

Influence of temperature, salinity, and anesthetics on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates in fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) juveniles
HU Fa-wen, WANG Xiao-long, GAO Feng-xiang, LI Li, JIAN Yu-xia, WANG Xue, FAN Ying, PAN Lei, GUO Wen
Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, China
Abstract:
The effects of temperature, salinity, and anesthetics (clove oil and MS-222) on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates of fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) juveniles, with a body weight of 6.44 ±0.59 g, was evaluated using the standing water respiratory chamber method. Temperature (8℃, 12℃, 16℃, 20℃, and 24℃), salinity (15‰, 20‰, 25‰, 30‰, and 35‰), clove oil (0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40 mg/L), and MS-222 treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg/L) were evaluated. The results showed that temperature, salinity, and anesthetics have significant effects on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates. At 8℃, the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates were lowest, increased with an increase of temperature, peaked at 20℃, and decreased at 24℃. At 30‰ salinity, the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates were lowest and increased with an increase or decrease in salinity. Both oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates were reduced effectively by clove oil or MS-222 and clove oil was more effective. The optimal concentrations for clove oil and MS-222 for the H. otakii juveniles to survive transportation were 24 mg/L and 20 mg/L, respectively, at which the fish were in deep sedation and oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates were low. The O:N ratio was in the range of 14.77~24.11, indicating that the juvenile fish obtained energy mainly from protein and fat under suitable conditions of temperature and salinity. According to this study, the respiratory and metabolic activity of the H. otakii juvenile was low under moderate temperatures, natural salinity, or optimal concentrations of anesthetics-of which clove oil was more effective than MS-222. The results provide theoretical support for the transportation of high quality H. otakii.
Key words:Hexagrammos otakiioxygen consumption rateammonia excretion rateclove oilMS-222





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