王日明^1,2, 黄鹄²
1.钦州市环境生态修复重点实验室北部湾大学, 广西 钦州 535011;2.广西北部湾海岸科学与工程实验室北部湾大学, 广西 钦州 535011

摘要:
热带小河口洲滩景观格局对外部环境作用的影响极为敏感，是潮滩水沙、地貌及植被耦合作用的结果。本文将遥感技术和景观生态学方法相结合，探讨了北部湾南流江口洲滩的景观特征及时空变化过程。主要结果表明：2005-2019年南流江河口洲滩景观要素自陆向海呈现红树林（桐花树、秋茄）、茳芏及光滩格局，在此期间内的洲滩景观多样性指数低、景观破碎化指数高。红树林、茳芏与光滩景观类型优势度Do值大致相等。同时，红树林与茳芏的扩张导致其面积持续增加而光滩面积减少。红树林、茳芏与光滩三者相互竞争又相互促进，河口潮滩景观处于快速发育阶段。研究结果有助于对热带小河口洲滩植被演化格局的认识，为热带河口地区生态恢复与湿地管理提供理论支撑。
关键词:景观过程景观格局遥感影像河口洲滩南流江
DOI：10.11759/hykx20200529001
分类号:TU984.183
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（41930537）；国家自然科学基金（41666003）

Research on the landscape process of the Nanliu estuary
WANG Ri-ming^1,2, HUANG Hu²
1.Qinzhou Key Laboratory for Eco-Restoration of Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China;2.The Key Laboratory of Coastal Science and Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
Abstract:
The landscape of shoals in tropical small estuaries is extremely sensitive to impacts of external forces, which is due to coupling actions among the water and sediments of the tidal flat, geomorphology, and vegetation. In this study, based on the combination of remote sensing and landscape ecology approach, the spatial-temporal processes and landscape characteristics of the estuarine shoal (ES) in the Nanliu River along the Beibu Gulf were explored. The main results showed that between 2005 and 2019, the spatial distribution of the landscape elements of the ES in the Nanliu River was mangrove, Cyperus malaccensis, and bare flat, from land to sea. The results also indicated that the landscape diversity index value of the ES was low, and landscape fragmentation index value was high. The values of landscape dominance among mangrove, Cyperus malaccensis, and bare flat were comparable. Meanwhile, the areas of both mangrove and Cyperus malaccensis significantly increased due to their vegetation expansion, which resulted in reduction in the bare flat area. Moreover, it was found that the present ES landscape is in a developmental stage, featuring competition and increase among the mangrove, Cyperus malaccensis, and bare flat. The study will be beneficial to the understanding of the evolutionary patterns for the ES in the small estuary of the tropical zone and can provide theoretical support for the ecological restoration and wetland management of the tropical estuarine region.
Key words:landscape processeslandscape patternremote imagesestuarine shoalNanliu River





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