张辉^1,2,3, 宋琳², 陈晓琳¹, 李鹏程¹
1.中国科学院海洋研究所 实验海洋生物学重点实验室 海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071;2.青岛科技大学 海洋科学与生物工程学院, 山东 青岛 266042;3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

摘要:
土壤退化是一个全球性的问题。土壤退化主要包括土壤盐渍化、土壤酸化、土壤板结、土壤重金属污染、土壤营养元素失衡、土壤有机质和微生物多样性减少等。如何解决土壤退化问题引起了广泛关注，其中一些研究者将目光投向了海洋，利用海洋丰富的生物资源修复土壤退化越来越受到许多研究者的青睐。本文主要介绍目前土壤退化原因和影响，在此基础上综述了海洋中的微生物、海藻、壳聚糖及其衍生物等用于土壤修复中的研究报道，重在概括海洋生物资源在土壤盐渍化、土壤酸化、土壤板结及土壤重金属污染的修复研究，旨在为海洋生物资源在土壤修复中的应用提供参考。
关键词:土壤盐渍化土壤酸化土壤板结土壤重金属污染海洋微生物海洋藻类壳聚糖
DOI：10.11759/hykx20191114001
分类号:P745
基金项目:国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”（2018YFD0901104）；山东省重点研发项目（2018GHY115008）

Study on the causes and remediation of soil degradation
ZHANG Hui^1,2,3, SONG Lin², CHEN Xiao-lin¹, LI Peng-cheng¹
1.Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Qingdao 266071, China;2.College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract:
Soil degradation is a global problem which mainly includes soil salinization, acidification, compaction, heavy metal pollution, nutrient imbalance, reduction of organic matter and microbial diversity etc. It has caused wide public concerns about solving the soil degradation problems. Using marine biological resources to remediate soil degradation is also a hot research topic. This paper mainly introduces the soil degradation and its influences. On this basis, it summarizes the research reports of marine microorganisms, seaweed, chitosan and its derivatives which have been used to remediate soil salinization, acidification, compaction and heavy metal pollution etc., so it provides references for the application of marine biological resources in remediation of soil degradation.
Key words:soil salinizationsoil acidificationsoil compactionsoil heavy metal pollutionmarine microorganismseaweedchitosan





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