段继周^1,2,3, 刘超^1,2,3, 刘会莲^1,2, 孙佳文^1,2,3,4, 张一梦^1,2,3, 王楠^1,2,3,4, 翟晓凡^1,2,3, 管方^1,2,3, 郑萌^1,2,3, 张杰^1,2,3, 王秀通^1,2,3, 侯保荣^1,2,3
1.中国科学院海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266071;2.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071;3.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋腐蚀与防护开放工作室, 山东 青岛 266237;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

摘要:
随着经济和社会的发展，以及我国海洋强国战略的实施，海洋水下设施不断投入使用，严苛的海洋环境使得生物污损问题凸显。生物污损会对海洋水下设施功能造成严重的危害，缩短其服役期，影响其正常运行。因此，需要采取有效的防护措施，抑制或减少生物污损，实现海洋水下设施的有效运行。本文综述了海洋生物污损及其形成过程，总结了生物污损对海洋水下设施的危害，概述了几种我国沿海发现的典型污损生物，总结了目前采用的生物污损控制技术或解决方案，并讨论了近年来新型防污策略的发展及生物污损控制技术未来的发展方向。
关键词:海洋水下设施生物污损附着生物防污技术
DOI：10.11759/hykx20200325004
分类号:TG172
基金项目:中科院先导专项课题（No.XDA13040404）；中国科学院基础前沿科学研究计划从0到1原始创新项目（ZDBS-LY-DQC025）；国家重点研发专项课题（2017YFB0903702）

Research progress of biofouling and its control technology in marine underwater facilities
DUAN Ji-zhou^1,2,3, LIU Chao^1,2,3, LIU Hui-lian^1,2, SUN Jia-wen^1,2,3,4, ZHANG Yi-meng^1,2,3, WANG Nan^1,2,3,4, ZHAI Xiao-fan^1,2,3, GUAN Fang^1,2,3, ZHENG Meng^1,2,3, ZHANG Jie^1,2,3, WANG Xiu-tong^1,2,3, HOU Bao-rong^1,2,3
1.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract:
In recent years, more and more ships, platforms, and other underwater facilities have been applied in the sea. Marine biofouling frequently occurs in the harsh marine environment. Biofouling affects the efficiency of the underwater facilities and may even lead to huge economic loss. Thus, it is necessary to take effective measures to control biofouling for the efficient operation of the ships, offshore structures and other infrastructures in the sea. This review summarizes the harm of biofouling to marine infrastructures, briefly introduces marine biofouling and its formation process, and details organisms found in the coast of China. And the attachment mechanism of typical organisms is also reviewed in this paper. Biofouling control technologies or solutions are reviewed and new antifouling strategies developed in recent year are also described. Last, the trend of antifouling technology in the future are also discussed in this review.
Key words:marine infrastructurebiofoulingfouling organismsantifouling





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