于非¹, 陈永华¹, 周春², 张孝薇³, 邓锴⁴, 韩云峰⁵, 刘岩松¹, 刘庆奎¹, 王蓓¹, 胡贺岗¹, 姜静波¹, 倪佐涛¹, 姜斌¹, 李晓龙¹
1.中国科学院海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266071;2.中国海洋大学, 山东 青岛 266100;3.国家海洋技术中心, 天津 300112;4.中国科学院声学研究所, 北京 100190;5.哈尔滨工程大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨, 150001

摘要:
基于海洋环境安全保障、海洋环境预报和海洋科学研究的需要，开展国产深海准实时传输潜标系统的设计，重点进行锚泊系统水动力分析、观测设备工作同步性、准实时通讯系统安全可靠和系统低功耗等整体技术设计；开展轻型感应耦合传输缆制作、大深度感应耦合传输和智能收放通讯等数据实时通讯技术的研究；进行适用于准实时传输潜标系统的多种类国产设备的稳定性和可靠性优化、规模化集成和系统化的应用示范，形成半潜升降式准实时通讯潜标与浮子式准实时通讯潜标各1套。所设计的准实时传输潜标系统集成了1台抗污染CTD、19台感应耦合CTD、8台感应耦合T、4台感应耦合传输的ADCP、2台单点海流计和6台感应耦合数据传输仪，并配有2套声学释放器；潜标系统本体设计含有3个水下流线型浮体、1套通讯浮子、1套准实时卫星通讯装置（半潜式水下绞车或海面浮子）和1套锚泊缆系，可实现深达2 000 mm的剖面温盐深和海流等海洋要素的高频率、多要素、多层次的长期连续观测和数据准实时传输，以便对科学问题解决和海洋环境安全保障等提供及时的数据支撑。
关键词:深海潜标准实时传输国产化大深度剖面温盐深流观测潜标浮体
DOI：10.11759/hykx20200327004
分类号:P715
基金项目:科技部重点研发计划项目（2017YFC1403401和2016YFC1402602）；中国科学院科研装备研制项目（YZ201522，YZ201625）；“科学”号高端用户项目资助（KEXUE2019G07）

Design of deep-sea quasi-real-time-communication submerged buoy systems
YU Fei¹, CHEN Yong-hua¹, ZHOU Chun², ZHANG Xiao-wei³, DENG Kai⁴, HAN Yun-feng⁵, LIU Yan-song¹, LIU Qing-kui¹, WANG Bei¹, HU He-gang¹, JIANG Jing-bo¹, NI Zuo-tao¹, JIANG Bin¹, LI Xiao-long¹
1.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;3.National Ocean Technology Center, Tianjin 300112, China;4.Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;5.Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Abstract:
One of the most reliable and accurate methods for monitoring the marine environment is the ocean submerged buoy. Submerged buoys work underwater and their observations complement those of sea-surface buoys to achieve stereoscopic observation of the marine environment. To make forecasts for the dynamic deep-sea environment and safeguard the marine military environment, real-time data is required. As such, the development of a quasi-real-time fixed-point continuous observation system is both urgent and necessary. In this study, we designed a domestic deep-sea quasi-real-time-transmission submerged buoy system. We focused on performing a hydrodynamic analysis of the anchoring system, synchronizing the observation equipment and optimizing the overall design technologies used to ensure the safety, reliability, and low power consumption of the quasi-real-time communication systems. We investigated real-time transfer technologies such as the manufacture of light inductively coupled transmission cables, deep-sea inductive coupling transmission, and intelligent receiving and transmitting communications. In addition, we studied their applications in deep-sea areas to test their stability and reliability, and developed two types of real-time submerged buoys. The quasi-real-time-communication submerged buoy system integrates 1 anti-pollution conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor, 19 inductively coupled CTDs, 8 inductively coupled water temperature (T) sensors, 4 inductively coupled transmission acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP), 2 single-point ocean current meters, 6 inductively coupled data transmission instruments, and 2 sets of acoustic release transponders. The body of the submerged buoy system contains three underwater streamlined buoys, one set of communication floats, a quasi-real-time satellite communication device (semi-submersible underwater winch or sea surface float), and a mooring system. The deep-sea quasi-real-time-communication submerged buoy system obtains high-frequency, multi-element, multi-level, long-term, continuous observation data such as temperature and salt depth and ocean current data at a depth of 2 000 m, which is transferred to a shore-based lab in quasi-real-time for solving scientific problems and providing timely data to ensure safety in the marine environment.
Key words:deep-sea submerged buoyquasi-real-time transmissionlocalizationobservation of temperature,salinity,depth and current in deep-sea sectionsubmerged floating body





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