史宝¹, 柳学周^1,2, 曹亚男³, 刘永山^1,2, 徐永江¹, 姜燕¹, 王滨¹
1.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室 农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 山东 青岛 266071;2.上海海洋大学 水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;3.烟台市海洋经济研究院, 山东 烟台 264000

摘要:
为探讨盐度突变对黄条鰤（Seriola aureovittata）幼鱼消化酶活力和抗应激指标的影响，设计了采用自然海水养殖的对照组盐度29（S29）和实验组盐度分别为35（S35）、15（S15）、10（S10）和5（S5），对黄条鰤进行了120 h的急性胁迫实验，测定了各盐度条件下消化酶活力、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力及甲状腺激素（T4）浓度的变化。结果显示：黄条鰤胃、肠、肝脏和幽门盲囊的脂肪酶活力，6 h时实验组与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05），12 h后呈现随时间的增长而活力降低的现象，且实验组显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；蛋白酶活力胁迫24 h后，实验组显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。胃和肝脏蛋白酶活力胁迫6~12 h，S35显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。胃和肠的淀粉酶活力胁迫后，实验组均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；肝脏淀粉酶活力胁迫6~12 h，S35均高于对照组，24 h后显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。S5的SOD活力随着时间的增加而降低，且差异显著（P<0.05）；S15和S35在120 h时SOD活力降低并接近对照组。各盐度组血清中T4的浓度在6~96 h显著高于对照组（P<0.05），随后降低并在120 h时趋于稳定。综上所述，盐度胁迫对黄条鰤幼鱼消化酶活力、SOD活力和T4浓度影响较大，黄条鰤对盐度变化有较强的调节能力，相关生理指标变化可为黄条鰤养殖提供参考。
关键词:黄条鰤盐度突变消化酶超氧化物歧化酶甲状腺激素
DOI：10.11759/hykx20191219001
分类号:S917
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0901204，2019YFD0900503）；青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室开放课题（2017-3A01）；中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费-农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室开放课题资助（2019HY-XKQ01）；国家自然科学基金项目（31772829）；国家海水鱼产业技术体系专项（CARS-47）.

Effects of salinity stress on the digestive physiology and anti-stress index of Yellowtail Kingfish (Seriola aureovittata)
SHI Bao¹, LIU Xue-zhou^1,2, CAO Ya-nan³, LIU Yong-shan^1,2, XU Yong-jiang¹, JIANG Yan¹, WANG Bin¹
1.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;3.Yantai marine economic research institute, Yantai 264000, China
Abstract:
In this study, we assessed the influence of salinity mutation on the digestive enzyme activity and antistress index of juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola aureovittata). Five salinity levels (29, 35, 15, 10, and 5, abbreviated as S29, S35, S15, S10, and S5, respectively) were designed. Here, S29 is natural seawater and is regarded as the control group. The effects of abrupt changes in salinity on the digestive enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and thyroid hormone (T4) of juvenile yellowtail kingfish were measured without salinity acclimation after transfer to S29, S35, S15, S10, and S5 during the 120-h breeding experiment. The results showed that the lipase activity in the gastric, intestinal, hepatic, and pyloric follicles in the experimental group were not significantly different from those corresponding to S29 in 6 h (P>0.05). The lipase activity decreased with time after 12 h for S35, S15, S10, S5, and it was significantly lower than that for S29 (P<0.05). The protease activity of the gastric, intestinal, hepatic, and pyloric follicles in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in S29 after 24 h (P<0.05). The protease activity in stomach and liver in S35 group was greater than that in S29 group in the time range of 6~12 h (P<0.05). The amylase activity in the stomach and intestine in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in S29 group (P<0.05). However, the amylase activity in the liver was higher than that for S29 in the time period 6~12 h, and then, it significantly decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). The SOD activity significantly decreased in S5 as time elapsed (P<0.05). The SOD activity in S15 and S35 began to decrease and approached values of the activity of S29 at 120 h. The concentration of T4 in the serum of each experimental group was significantly higher than that in S29 group for the period 6~96 h (P<0.05). Then, the concentration of T4 decreased with time, reaching a stable lower level at 120 h that was close to the concentration of S29. These results demonstrate that the salinity stress significantly influences the digestive enzymes, SOD, and T4 of yellowtail kingfish. Thus, it can be concluded that the yellowtail kingfish has a strong capacity for salinity adaptation. These findings also provide a basis for the aquaculture of yellowtail kingfish.
Key words:Seriola aureovittatasalinity mutationdigestive enzymessuperoxide dismutasethyroid hormone





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