杨翠华, 王文章, 王海铭
青岛海洋科技馆, 山东 青岛 266003

摘要:
在不同温度和水流条件下，作者分别对八斑唇腕水母（Rathkea octopunctata）伞径、伞高、出芽率和存活时间等生长发育情况展开研究，以期为其人工饲养和科普展示奠定基础。近海9.5℃~14℃采集的八斑唇腕水母暂养1 d后，置于不同水流（静止的1 L烧杯和气泡带动水流的13 L水浴缸）和不同温度（10℃、15℃、20℃和22℃）交叉条件下人工饲养。结果显示，77 cm/s的水流条件下，10℃组水母存活时间最长。伞径、伞高与饲养时间呈负相关。温度越高，水母存活时间越短。温度能促进生殖腺快速成熟，但是10℃水母能持续性出芽。水流能保持水母活力，延长存活时间。研究表明，八斑唇腕水母可以通过水螅体横裂生殖和性腺出芽生殖两种方式繁育水母体。因为其个体较小，科技馆可采用低温水浴缸进行培养和长期展示，并对其特殊的出芽生殖方式进行科普讲解。
关键词:八斑唇腕水母(Rathkea octopunctata)温度水流出芽存活时间
DOI：10.11759/hykx20180606002
分类号:Q959.132.2
基金项目:青岛市南区科技发展资金项目（2018-4-011-ZH）

Effects of water temperature and velocity on the development of Rathkea octopunctata
YANG Cui-hua, WANG Wen-zhang, WANG Hai-ming
Marine Science and Technology Museum, Qingdao 266003, China
Abstract:
Rathkea octopunctata is a small Hydra jellyfish that is widely distributed in the North Atlantic coast, the North Pacific coast, the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the Arctic and other marginal waters. In recent years, this species has gained more attention because of its unique reproduction cycle. To enable further study, a large number of jellyfish have been kept indoors for a long time, and a life cycle pattern has been observed. Therefore, to optimize artificial breeding and facilitate scientific study of this species, we examine the effects of water temperature and velocity on the diameter, height, budding, and survival time of these jellyfish. Lots of jellyfish were collected along the coast of Lu Xun Park in March 2016 with the surface water temperature 9.5℃-14℃. After 24 h of temporary cultivation, R. octopunctata were raised under the cross conditions of different water flow rates (1 L beaker with stationary water, 13 L tank with bubbles to drive water) and different temperatures (10℃, 15℃, 20℃, or 22℃). The results showed that the survival time in 10℃ group was the longest when the water velocity was 77 cm/s. However, this was negatively related to the umbrella diameter, umbrella height, and feeding time. Higher temperatures proportionally reduced the survival time of the jellyfish. Temperature promoted rapid maturation of gonads, but budding was persistent in the 10℃ group. The survival time was more 38.5 d under the water flow 77cm/s than the static environment at 10℃ group. The study shows that water velocity promoted the activity of jellyfish and significantly prolonged survival time. R. octopunctata can be bred through polyp and gonadal reproduction, and it preferentially grows at low temperatures in water baths. These data may help to promote and enhance the captive breeding and display of these remarkable jellyfish for research and educational purposes.
Key words:Rathkea octopunctatatemperaturewater velocitybuddingsurvival time





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