张超, 李永仁, 郭永军, 梁健
天津农学院水产科学系天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室, 天津 300384

摘要:
为研究港原油对毛蚶部分抗氧化酶和代谢酶的影响，设置0.01、0.1、1、3 mg/L大港原油水溶液性成分（WSF），采用暴露法研究毛蚶天津群体的鳃、斧足中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）抗氧化酶等抗氧化酶及酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、钠/钾泵（Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase）、钙泵（Ga²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase）等代谢相关酶的活性变化，测定丙二醛（MDA）含量，采用整合生物标志物（Integrated biomarker response，IBR）进行分析。结果表明，毛蚶鳃和斧足中SOD、CAT、GPX表现出一定的剂量-效应关系，MDA含量呈先升高后降低的趋势，3 mg/L组表现出MDA累积；ACP、AKP、Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase、Ga²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase表现出一定剂量-效应关系，酸性磷酸酶较碱性磷酸酶响应更迅速，Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase较Ga²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase更易受WSF影响；鳃中酶类活性受WSF影响更明显。鳃中SOD、GPX、MDA较斧足高，而CAT则相反。斧足、鳃组织R_IB值呈现先下降后上升趋势，与WSF浓度及暴露时间存在剂量-效应关系和时间-效应关系，两组之间存在差异性，斧足累积R_IB值高于鳃组织。
关键词:毛蚶原油抗氧化酶代谢酶
DOI：10.11759/hykx20190722001
分类号:S912
基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0901404）；天津市种业科技重大专项（17ZXZYNC00020）；天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目（201602050）；天津市现代产业技术体系-水产-贝类养殖岗位（ITTFRS2017013）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS49）

Effects of Dagang crude oil on partial antioxidant enzymes and metabolic enzymes in Scapharca subcrenata Lischke
ZHANG Chao, LI Yong-ren, GUO Yong-jun, LIANG Jian
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
Abstract:
To measure the activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and metabolic enzymes, i.e., acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase, and Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase, in the gill and muscle tissues of local bivalve, the Tianjin population of Scapharca subcrenata Lischke was used. The lipid oxidation degree (content of malondialdehyde[MDA]) was also measured. Exposure tests of four concentrations (i.e., 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 3 mg/L) of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of Dagang crude oil were conducted. The integrated biomarker response index was used. Results showed that, under the influence of the WSF, the SOD, CAT, and GPX activities exhibited a dose-effect relationship. MDA initially increased and subsequently decreased. In both gill and muscle tissues, MDA accumulated in the 3 mg/L group. The ACP, AKP, and Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase activities showed a slight dose-effect relationship. ACP responded more rapidly than AKP. Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase was more vulnerable than Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ ATPase. During the exposure tests, the WSF influenced the gill tissues more obviously than the muscle tissues. As a result, the gill exhibited higher SOD, GPX, and MDA activities than the axe foot. By contrast, the gill exhibited lower CAT activity than the axe foot. The R_IB values of the muscle and gill tissues initially decreased and subsequently increased. Dose-effect and time-effect relationships between WSF concentration and exposure time were observed. Moreover, differences between the two groups were detected. The cumulative R_IB values of muscle tissues were higher than that of gill tissues.
Key words:Scapharca subcrenata Lischkecrude oilantioxidant enzymesmetabolic enzymes





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