周露阳, 叶元土, 蔡春芳, 吴萍, 高敏敏, 郁浓, 孙飞, 吕昊, 石瑶瑶, 吕斌, 易皓明
苏州大学 基础医学与生物科学学院, 江苏 苏州 215123

摘要:
本研究以黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrusfulvidraco）为试验对象，设计两种饲料：鱼粉组和无鱼粉组，在池塘网箱中投喂70 d，研究其生长性能和肝胰脏转录组表达的差异。同鱼粉组相比，无鱼粉组黄颡鱼特定生长率下降了30.25%（P<0.05），饲料系数显著增加了83.94%（P<0.05），全鱼脂肪含量显著下降（P<0.05），血清甘油三酯含量显著下降（P<0.05），血清转氨酶活力显著增加（P<0.05）。肝胰脏转录组结果显示，总计有12 020个基因差异表达，其中差异表达上调的基因有5 020个、差异表达下调的基因有7 000个。同鱼粉组相比，无鱼粉组分别有1 013个基因表达显著上调、2749基因表达显著下调（P<0.05）。将组间具有差异表达的基因进行GO Term、KEGG pathway分类，结果显示：无鱼粉组的肝胰脏细胞组成、细胞生物过程、细胞分子功能等绝大多数基因差异表达下调，提示肝胰脏的细胞组织结构和功能受到很大的影响；KEGG通路富集到15个显著差异代谢通路。本研究结果表明，日粮中鱼粉可能含有某些生理活性物质，这些物质以神经分泌、激素调控、代谢信号通路等为作用靶点，通过对这些代谢信号通路的调节，对鱼的整体生理代谢强度、细胞结构与功能、生理健康状态等产生明显积极促进影响。缺乏这些物质则会造成黄颡鱼生长性能下降、部分器官组织细胞（肝细胞、神经轴突）受到损伤、鱼体抗应激能力和免疫防御能力下降。
关键词:鱼粉生长信号通路神经激素黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrusfulvidraco)
DOI：10.11759/hykx20190517002
分类号:
基金项目:校企合作项目（P113410618）

Fishmeal-free diet can reduce the growth performance and the hepatopancreas transcriptional significant differential expression of yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
ZHOU Lu-yang, YE Yuan-tu, CAI Chun-fang, WU Ping, GAO Min-min, Yu Nong, SUN Fei, LV Hao, SHI Yao-yao, LV Bin, YI Hao-ming
School of Basic Medical Sciences and Biotechnology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
Abstract:
In the present study, the effects of dietary fish meal on the growth performance and physiological metabolism of yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, were investigated. We prepared two diets containing 28% Peruvian fish meal (control diet, FM) and fishmeal-free (test diet, NF), which were isonitrogenous, isoenergetic, and isophosphate. Diets were offered to yellow catfish reared in net cages (12.02±0.11 g) for 70 days. Special grow rate (SGR) decreased by 30.25% (P<0.05), feed coefficient rate (FCR) increased to 83.94% (P<0.05), and crude lipid content significantly decreased in the fish fed the NF diet compared with those fed the FM diet (P<0.05). In addition, the concentration of triglycerides in their serum significantly decreased (P<0.05) and the activity of serum aminotransferase significantly increased in fish fed the NF diet (P<0.05). Hepatopancreas transcriptome annotation showed that in total, 12 020 genes were differentially expressed, of which 5 020 were upregulated and 7 000 were downregulated. In total, 1 013 genes were significantly upregulated and 2 749 genes were downregulated in the NF diet compared with the FM diet (P<0.05). The GO term and KEGG pathway were used to classify differentially expressed genes between the two diets. Results showed that most of the differentially expressed genes were downregulated in the cell composition, cell biological processes, and cell molecular function in the hepatopancreas of fish fed the NF diet, suggesting that the cellular tissue structure and function of their hepatopancreas were affected to a certain extent. Fifteen considerably different metabolic pathways were enriched by KEGG, including axons, neurohormone secretion, hormone secretion and regulation, metabolic signaling pathway, inflammatory factor transmission, anti-stress, immune defense, and other important pathways. These results indicated that fish meal may contain some physiologically active substances. These physiologically active substances can affect neurosecretory, hormone regulation, metabolic signal pathway, and other processes and have a positive effect on the entire physiological metabolism intensity, cell structure and function, and physiological health state by regulating these target metabolic pathways of the hepatopancreas. The lack of these physiologically active substances in fish meal will result in a decline in growth performance, cause damage to some organs and cells (such as liver cells, nerve axons), and decrease anti-stress ability and immune defense of the fish.
Key words:Fish mealgrowth performancesignaling pathwaynervehormoneyellow catfish





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