西安交通大学 陕西省智能机器人重点实验室； 机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室，西安710049
收稿日期:2019-01-16出版日期:2020-11-28发布日期:2020-12-04通讯作者:杨军，男，副教授，博士生导师，电话(Tel.)：029-82663870；E-mail: softyj@xjtu.edu.cn.作者简介:赵亮(1988-)，男，陕西省西安市人，博士生，研究方向为数控机床热平衡设计技术.基金资助:国家重点研发计划 (2016YFB1102503)A New Thermal Error Control Method for Spindle System of High Precision Computer Numerical Control Machine Tools
ZHAO Liang,LEI Mohan,ZHU Xingxing,WANG Shuai,LING Zheng,YANG Jun,MEI XuesongShaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots; State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Received:2019-01-16Online:2020-11-28Published:2020-12-04摘要/Abstract
摘要： 为了解决高精度数控机床主轴系统热误差的难题，提出了一种主动控制主轴热误差的新方法.根据设计的螺旋盘管冷却器，分析了硅脂厚度对主轴与冷却器间的接触热阻的影响规律，建立了热阻模型.在简化主轴系统模型的基础上，构建了主轴系统的热-流-固有限元模型，并对冷却参数进行了仿真.利用搭建的温度控制系统，对有限元模型进行验证.结果表明，有限元模型能有效预测主轴系统热特性的变化规律，其冷却器的换热效率高，热平衡时间缩短了约68%，热误差减小了约19%.本研究为精密机床主轴热误差控制提供了一种新思路.
关键词: 数控机床；主轴系统；温度控制；热误差；热-流-固模型
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of thermal errors in the spindle system of high precision computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools, a novel active control method for spindle thermal deformation was proposed. Besides, a helical coil cooler was designed, the influence of silicone grease thickness on the contact thermal resistance between a spindle and a cooler was analyzed, and a thermal resistance model was established. Based on the simplified spindle system, a thermal-fluid-solid finite element model was constructed, and the cooling parameters were simulated. The finite element model was verified by using a temperature control system. The results show that the finite element model can effectively predict the variation of thermal characteristics of the spindle system. The cooler has a high heat exchange efficiency, the thermal equilibration time is reduced by 68%, and the thermal error is reduced by 19%. This study provides a new idea for thermal error control of precision machine tool spindle.
Key words: computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool; spindle system; temperature control; thermal error; thermal-fluid-solid model
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