摘要/Abstract
摘要： 分娩前使用孕妇及胎儿各项参数计算胎儿估计体质量（estimated fetal weight，EFW）对正确评估胎儿宫内生长发育和妊娠结局有重要的作用。计算EFW的方法种类繁多。使用孕妇参数估计EFW的预测准确率取决于医师的经验和测量的规范性。以产前胎儿超声检查参数为主的Hadlock公式等评估方法是目前临床应用较广泛的方法，但误差仍较大。而通过三维超声和核磁共振对胎儿体积的计算虽可更准确地计算EFW，但受到时间和经济因素的限制，不能被广泛地应用。基于神经网络分析的大数据建模，预测符合率优于传统超声检测，有望成为更好的EFW评估方法。综上，精确评估EFW，并应用于产科临床仍是未来的重大挑战。
关键词: 胎儿体质量, 出生体质量, 超声, 巨大儿, 胎儿生长受限
Abstract:
The estimated fetal weight (EFW), using the parameters of pregnant woman and fetuse before birth, plays an important role in helping evaluating fetal development and pregnancy outcome. Various methods have been used to calculate EFW. Predictive accuracy of estimating EFW by using pregnant women's parameters depends on doctors' experience and standardization of measurement. Some appraisal procedures, such as Hadlock formula, which mainly focus on prenatal fetal ultrasound parameters, have been widely used in clinics but still have large errors. Measurements of fetal volume by 3-dimentional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging methods show significant improvements, yet they cannot be widely used because of time and economic issues. The prediction coincidence rate of a model with big data based on analysis of neural network, is better than that of traditional ultrasonic detection. It could be a better method of EFW in the future. In summary, accurate evaluation of EFW and its application to obstetric clinic are still major challenges in the future.
Key words: fetal weight, birth weight, ultrasound, macrosomia, fetal growth restriction
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