摘要/Abstract

摘要： 卵巢功能随着女性年龄的增长发生衰退，导致卵泡生成减少，大大降低女性生育能力，甚至产生衰老相关性疾病。雌性生殖干细胞是存在于卵巢表皮中、具有对称分裂为新的干细胞和不对称分化为生殖细胞和颗粒细胞特性的双向潜能细胞。该干细胞的发现，为女性卵母细胞的更新、解决不孕问题带来了希望。卵巢生殖干细胞巢是雌性生殖干细胞赖以生存的微环境，对维持雌性生殖干细胞的功能至关重要。营养、蛋白分子、细胞因子和信号通路等多种因素参与调控雌性生殖干细胞的功能，继而影响其增殖、分化。该文就卵巢生殖干细胞巢功能的影响因素和调节机制进行综述。
关键词: 卵巢生殖干细胞巢, 雌性生殖干细胞, 卵巢衰老, 细胞因子, Notch信号通路
Abstract:
With increasing age in women, the ovarian function declines, which leads to decreased follicle generation, declined female fertility and age-related diseases ultimately. Female germline stem cells are epithelial cells existing on the ovarian surface, which can divide into new stem cells symmetrically and differentiate into germ cells and granulosa cells asymmetrically. The discovery of female germline stem cells brings much hope for the post-natal renewal of oocytes and solving female infertility problems. Ovarian germline stem cell niche in which female germline stem cells live is the surrounding microenvironment which plays an essential role in maintaining the function of female germline stem cells. Many factors including nutrition supply, protein, cytokines and signaling pathways can control the biological characters of female germline stem cells, and also influence their prolife ration and differentiation. This paper reviewed the knowledge about the influencing factors and regulatory mechanisms of the function of ovarian germline stem cell niche.
Key words: ovarian germline stem cell niche, female germline stem cell, ovary aging, cytokine, Notch signaling pathway


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