摘要/Abstract

以有机半导体材料为活性层的有机太阳能电池, 可通过印刷制备大面积柔性器件, 具有成本低、多彩、半透明等特点, 是一种极具发展前景的光伏技术. 研究者们多年来致力于设计高性能光伏材料, 优化器件界面, 改善活性层微观形貌, 开发新型器件结构, 探究器件工作机理等, 目前实验室制备的小面积有机太阳能电池的能量转换效率已经超过18%. 另外, 面向有机光伏产业化, 在制备大面积柔性器件、降低器件成本、提高器件寿命以及探究光伏建筑一体化和室内光伏等潜在应用方面的研究也取得了重要进展, 在国际上处于领跑地位. 中国科学家在有机光伏领域做出了诸多开创性和引领性的工作. 本文首先对有机太阳能电池的背景进行简单介绍, 接着按照分子工程、器件工程、器件物理和应用探索四个方面综述有机光伏领域的重要研究进展, 最后对有机光伏所面临的机遇与挑战进行展望.
关键词: 有机太阳能电池, 分子工程, 器件工程, 器件物理, 应用探索
Organic solar cells (OSCs), based on organic semiconductor materials as photoactive layers, have attracted broad interest as a promising next-generation photovoltaic technology, since they can be fabricated into low-cost, colorful, semitransparent, flexible, and large-area devices through printing process. In the past decades, enormous efforts have been dedicated to improving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of OSCs, such as designing high-performance photovoltaic materials, optimizing device interfacial layers, controlling active layer morphology, developing new device architectures, and elucidating device working mechanism. Nowadays, the PCEs of small-area OSCs have exceeded 18%. In addition, in order to realize commercialization of OSCs, considerable progress has been made in manufacturing large-area OSCs, reducing cost, improving lifetime, and exploring potential applications in building integrated photovoltaics and indoor photovoltaics. Chinese researchers have made pioneering and leading contributions in this field. In this review, first, we briefly introduce basic knowledge of OSCs; then, summarize important recent research progress in terms of molecular engineering, device engineering, device physics and application exploration; finally, analyze challenges and future prospects of this field.
Key words: organic solar cell, molecular engineering, device engineering, device physics, application exploration


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