摘要/Abstract

镰刀菌素是由植物病原真菌产生的一类聚酮-非核糖体肽真菌毒素. 其核心骨架的构筑依赖于一个不寻常的聚酮-非核糖体肽杂合酶. 报道了禾谷镰刀菌中两个不同类型的新镰刀菌素, 镰刀菌素X1 (1)和镰刀菌素Y (2). 其中, 化合物1为聚酮-非核糖体肽杂合化合物, 化合物2属于聚酮类化合物. 通过基因敲除、高分辨质谱分析证实它们是由同一个生物合成基因簇产生的主线产物和旁支产物. 该结果为后期进一步研究镰刀菌素生物合成提供了研究基础, 也进一步为该病原真菌侵染禾谷类作物的机制研究提供了化学多样性.
关键词: 禾谷镰刀菌, 镰刀菌素, 生物合成, 基因敲除
Fusarins as a group of polyketide-nonribosomal peptide hybrid mycotoxins, are produced by the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium. The building of core framework depends on an unusual iterative type I polyketide synthase (PKS) fused to a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). Two new compounds, fusarins X1 (1) and Y (2), were isolated from Fusarium graminearum. Fusarin X1 (1) possesses a PKS-NRPS hybrid framework, and fusarin Y (2) is a polyketide. It is demonstrate that they are the main and shunt products in fusarins biosynthetic pathway, respectively, by gene inactivation and HRESIMS analyses. These findings not only lay the foundation for understanding of the fusarins biosynthetic logic, but also provide chemical diversity to further explore the concerning infect mechanism.
Key words: Fusarium graminearum, fusarins, biosynthesis, gene knockout


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