摘要/Abstract

邻碳硼烷及其所衍生的邻碳硼炔化合物能够与多种不饱和化合物发生环加成反应转化为结构新颖的功能碳硼烷衍生物.这些功能碳硼烷衍生物在硼中子捕获疗法、催化合成、药物设计等诸多领域都有着广阔的应用前景.近年来，人们在邻碳硼烷和邻碳硼炔的官能化领域取得了显著成就，尤其在反应条件优化、反应选择性控制、反应机理研究等方面取得了明显进步.对近十年以来国内外课题组在邻碳硼烷与炔烃、烯烃、多环或杂环芳烃等不饱和化合物的环加成反应领域所取得的实验研究成果进行了总结，并对邻碳硼炔参与的[2+2+2]、[2+2+1]、[2+2]、[3+2]、[4+2]、[5+2]等环加成反应的实验和理论研究成果、尤其是反应机理作了详细介绍，最后对该领域的发展前景进行了展望.
关键词: 硼烷, 碳硼烷, 碳硼炔, 环加成, 反应机理, 密度泛函理论
o-Carboranes, as well as its derivative o-carborynes, can react with a variety of unsaturated compounds through cycloadditions and transform into various functionalized carboranes which have potential applications in many an area such as boron neutron capture therapy, catalytic systhesis and drug design. Recently, people have made remarkable achievements in the functionalization of o-carboranes and o-carborynes, especially in aspects of reaction condition optimization, selectivity controlling and reaction mechanism exploration. The most recent experimental achievements in the area of cycloaddition between o-carboranes and unsaturated compounds, alkenes, polycyclic or heterocyclic aromatics, in the past ten years are summarized. The reaction mechanisms and corresponding computational findings of o-carboryne-involved [2+2+2],[2+2+1],[2+2],[3+2],[4+2] and[5+2] cycloadditions are summarized and emphasized. Moreover, the prospects of future development in this area are discussed in the end.
Key words: boranes, carboranes, carborynes, cycloaddition, reaction mechanism, density functional theory


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