摘要/Abstract

5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）是一种重要的平台化物，在塑料、聚合物和燃料等领域有着重要应用，因而由碳水化合物脱水制备5-HMF的研究引起了广泛关注.通过合成Nb_0.6PW₁₂O₄₀、Sn_0.75PW₁₂O₄₀、CrPW₁₂O₄₀、CePW₁₂O₄₀等磷钨酸盐催化剂，并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、紫外光谱分析、热重、NH₃-程序升温脱附法等手段进行表征，进而系统研究了蔗糖脱水制备5-HMF的反应，对催化剂种类、溶剂类型、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂及反应物用量等条件进行了优化.实验结果表明，以二甲基亚砜为溶剂，Nb_0.6PW₁₂O₄₀为催化剂，在80℃下反应90 min，蔗糖接近完全转化（99.3%），5-HMF收率达到62.54%，且该催化剂循环使用5次后，5-HMF的收率仍有59%.最后，推导了该体系催化蔗糖脱水制备5-HMF的反应机理，该研究对进一步探究碳水化合物脱水制备5-HMF有着重要的借鉴意义.
关键词: 5-羟甲基糠醛, 蔗糖, 磷钨酸盐
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is one of the most important biomass-derived platform compounds and can be used to produce various chemicals. The synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from sucrose catalyzed by a variety of phosphotungstate (Nb_0.6PW₁₂O₄₀, Sn_0.75PW₁₂O₄₀, CrPW₁₂O₄₀, CePW₁₂O₄₀) has been studied, and the catalysts are characterized by FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis, TGA, NH₃-TPD and NMR. The optimum yield of 5-HMF reached 62.54% with 99.3% conversion of sucrose, using Nb_0.6PW₁₂O₄₀ in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 80℃ under 0.1 MPa of N₂ with reaction time of 90 min. Moreover, Nb_0.6PW₁₂O₄₀ could be reused five times without loss of activity, and the reaction mechanism was proposed. This study has reference significance for carbohydrate conversion to 5-HMF.
Key words: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, sucrose, phosphotungstate


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