母胎界面自然杀伤细胞的研究进展
单亚莉^1,2, 倪鑫^1,2,3,*
1中南大学湘雅医院妇产科，长沙 410008；²中南大学湘雅医院分子代谢组学研究中心，长沙 410008；³中南大学湘雅医院老年病临床研究中心，长沙 410008
摘要
自然杀伤(natural killer, NK)细胞是母胎界面丰度最高的免疫细胞，在妊娠早期的子宫蜕膜中大量积聚。研究表明母胎界面NK细胞具有独特表型和功能，在妊娠期免疫耐受调节、子宫内膜蜕膜化、滋养细胞侵袭、子宫螺旋动脉重塑、胎盘形成和胎儿生长、发育等多方面都发挥关键作用，但是其在妊娠中的功能及其作用机制还有待深入研究。本综述总结了近年来母胎界面NK细胞的功能以及它们在妊娠相关疾病中作用的研究进展，旨在对母胎界面NK细胞功能有更全面的了解，并为妊娠相关疾病的诊治提供新的思路。
关键词： 妊娠; 母胎界面; 子宫自然杀伤细胞; 蜕膜自然杀伤细胞
分类号：R339.2

Research advances of natural killer cells at the maternal-fetal interface
SHAN Ya-Li^1,2, NI Xin^1,2,3,*
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China；²Molecular Metabolomics Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China；³Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the main immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface and accumulate in the uterine decidua in early pregnancy. Many studies have shown that NK cells at the maternal-fetal interface have unique phenotypes and play critical roles in various processes, including immune tolerance during pregnancy, decidualization, invasion of trophoblasts, remodeling of the uterine spiral artery, formation of the placenta and growth of embryo. However, specific functions of NK cells and their mechanism remain to be fully elucidated. This review summarizes the research progress of NK cells at the maternal-fetal interface and their roles in the pregnancy-related disorders in recent years. The aims of this review are to gain deep insight of the function of NK cells at the maternal- fetal interface and provide new ideas for intervention of pregnancy-related diseases.
Key words: Pregnancy; maternal-fetal interface; uterine natural killer cells; decidual natural killer cells

收稿日期：2020-04-20　　录用日期：2020-11-04
通讯作者：倪鑫　　E-mail: xinni2018@csu.edu.cn
DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2021.0006
引用本文：
单亚莉, 倪鑫. 母胎界面自然杀伤细胞的研究进展[J]. 生理学报 2021; 73 (1): 103-114.
SHAN Ya-Li, NI Xin. Research advances of natural killer cells at the maternal-fetal interface. Acta Physiol Sin 2021; 73 (1): 103-114 (in Chinese with English abstract).



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