老年人肌少症发生机制
周永战, 陈佩杰, 肖卫华^*
上海体育学院运动科学学院，上海 200438
摘要
因年龄增长所致骨骼肌质量减少及功能衰退称为肌少症，其特点是随着年龄的增加，肌纤维的质量、力量、肌耐力、代谢能力下降，而脂肪、结缔组织增多。肌少症的本质是肌纤维数量与横截面积下降及蛋白质净降解，与炎症加剧、氧化应激损伤、线粒体功能障碍、细胞自噬异常和肌肉质量调控因子失调等因素密切相关。本文系统阐述了肌少症发生的分子机制，加深人们对肌少症的理解与认识，为肌少症的预防与治疗提供潜在靶点。

关键词： 肌少症; 机制; 骨骼肌; 衰老
分类号：R3

Mechanism of the occurrence of sarcopenia in the elderly
ZHOU Yong-Zhan, CHEN Pei-Jie, XIAO Wei-Hua^*
School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
Abstract
The decline in skeletal muscle mass and function with age is referred as sarcopenia. It is characterized by the muscle fiber’s quality, strength, muscle endurance and metabolic ability decreasing as well as the fat and connective tissue growing. Previous studies have shown that sarcopenia in itself features decreased number and cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and the net degradation of protein, which results from the joint effects of multiple factors such as the exacerbation of inflammation, oxidative stress injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal autophagy and dysregulation of muscle quality regulatory factors. In this review, we systematically displayed the molecular mechanism of sarcopenia, which will be helpful to deepen our understanding of sarcopenia and provide potential targets for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

Key words: sarcopenia; mechanism; skeletal muscle; aging

收稿日期：2018-01-19　　录用日期：2018-05-16
通讯作者：肖卫华　　E-mail: xiaoweihua@sus.edu.cn
DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0037
引用本文：
周永战, 陈佩杰, 肖卫华. 老年人肌少症发生机制[J]. 生理学报 2018; 70 (4): 445-454.
ZHOU Yong-Zhan, CHEN Pei-Jie, XIAO Wei-Hua. Mechanism of the occurrence of sarcopenia in the elderly. Acta Physiol Sin 2018; 70 (4): 445-454 (in Chinese with English abstract).



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