HIFs、PPARs及AMPK在低氧训练减控体重中的调节机制
田倩倩, 杨钦, 王茹^*
上海体育学院运动科学学院，上海 200438
摘要
低氧暴露激活低氧诱导因子(hypoxia inducible factors, HIFs)，从而上调其靶基因的表达，包括糖代谢相关蛋白如葡萄糖转运蛋白(glucose transporters, GLUTs)和糖酵解相关酶如乳酸脱氢酶A (lactate dehydrogenase A, LDHA)、醛缩酶A (aldolase A, ALDA)等基因，因此HIFs参与葡萄糖氧化分解供能，在介导机体低氧应答过程及减控体重中起重要作用。运动训练可激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, PPARs)，其参与调控脂肪酸代谢、胰岛素敏感性及机体能量平衡，对于减控体重具有积极作用；另外，低氧暴露或者是运动训练均可激活细胞内能量感受器AMP激活的蛋白激酶(5’-AMP activated protein kinase, AMPK)，促进葡萄糖和脂肪酸氧化进程，促进肥胖机体减控体重。研究表明，相比于单纯低氧暴露或运动训练，低氧训练的双重刺激更有利于减控体重。低氧训练激活HIFs、PPARs及AMPK，这三种因子作为糖脂代谢的关键调控因子，是否在低氧训练减控体重过程中存在叠加效应？本文结合前人研究，综述HIFs、PPARs及AMPK三者在低氧训练下的相互作用，以及以AMPK-HIFs轴和AMPK-PPARs轴为核心的低氧训练减控体重的可能机制，为低氧训练应用于减控体重实践提供理论依据。


关键词： 低氧诱导因子; PPARs; AMP激活的蛋白激酶; 糖脂代谢; 减控体重
分类号：G804.7

Regulation mechanism of HIFs, PPARs and AMPK in hypoxic training-induced reduction of body weight
TIAN Qian-Qian, YANG Qin, Wang Ru^*
School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
Abstract
Hypoxic exposure activates hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) to up-regulate the expression of its target genes. These genes encode glucose metabolism related proteins, such as glucose transporters (GLUTs) and glycolysis related enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and aldolase A (ALDA). Therefore, HIFs participate in oxygenolysis of glucose and play an important role in mediating hypoxia response and weight loss. Exercise training influences fatty acid metabolism, insulin sensitivity and body energy balance through activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which plays an active role in losing weight. In addition, hypoxic exposure or exercise training can activate energy sensor 5’-AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) in cells and promote oxidation of glucose and fatty acid and weight loss. It has been shown that hypoxic training exerts a better effects on controlling weight, compared with either hypoxic exposure or exercise training alone. This paper reviewed synergistic interactions among HIFs, PPARs and AMPK under hypoxic training and proposed possible mechanisms of hypoxic training-induced weight loss via AMPK-HIFs axis or AMPK-PPARs axis, thus providing theoretical guidance for application of hypoxic training in weight control.


Key words: hypoxia inducible factors; PPARs; 5’-AMP activated protein kinase; glucose and lipid metabolism; weight loss

收稿日期：2017-10-16　　录用日期：2018-10-12
通讯作者：王茹　　E-mail: wangru0612@163.com
DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2018.0068
引用本文：
田倩倩, 杨钦, 王茹. HIFs、PPARs及AMPK在低氧训练减控体重中的调节机制[J]. 生理学报 2018; 70 (5): 511-520.
TIAN Qian-Qian, YANG Qin, Wang Ru. Regulation mechanism of HIFs, PPARs and AMPK in hypoxic training-induced reduction of body weight. Acta Physiol Sin 2018; 70 (5): 511-520 (in Chinese with English abstract).



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