In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. First, we must understand the (1) __________ when we hear it (2) __________. Secondly, we must be able to speak it (3) __________ correctly, with confidence, and (4) __________ hesitation. Thirdly, we must be able to (5) __________ the language, and fourthly we must (6) __________ able to write (7) __________. We must be able to (8) __________ sentences that are grammatically (9) __________. We must know how to (10) __________ sentences in paragraphs. There is no easy (11) __________ to success in learning. A good memory is a (12) __________ help, but it is not enough (13) __________ to memorize rules from a (14) __________ book. It is not much use learning (15) __________ heart long lists of words and (16) __________ meanings. We must learn (17) __________ to use the language. If we are content to (18) __________ rules, we are not really (19) __________ the languages. "Learn (20) ___________ use" is a good (21) __________ of advice for those who are studying a new (22) __________. We must practise speaking (23) __________ writing the language (24) __________ we can.

1.After five days of _________ , the jury decided on a verdict of not guilty. (deliberate)

2.I bought a guidebook to ________ myself with the country before I went there. (familiar)

6.Her responsibilities made her reach her _____________ at an early age. (mature)

7.Among senior students, the overwhelming ____________ is to find a job. (preoccupy)

8.He reserved the truth out of _____________. (discreetly)

9.Whenever he is on business leave, he always takes a ________ umbrella. (collapse)

10.We will order tea for twelve people on the _______________ (assume) that all twelve will come.

1.Peter tried _____ his little games with us, but failed to win our sympathy.

2.The school is half empty as a serious epidemic of measles has broken _______.

3.Output from the power stations fell ______ steeply as restrictions on the movement of coal took effect.

4.Almost all college students have had the experience of burning the midnight oil _____ preparation ______ exams.

5.A detachment of the Eighth Route Army was marching _____ the direction ______ a Japanese airport with the intent to destroy it. .

6.In this company, there are some strict rules of decorum, for example, junior clerks have to rise _____ their feet whenever their seniors enter their office.

7.The population breaks _______into three main groups.

8.She spent most of her life living _______their parents' ideals.

9.Why do you often go _______the way insulting me?

10.Journalists who were tipped _______ about the incident raced to the scene.

1.He was worried by __________ that there might be alcohol in his drink. (opportunity, possibility)

2.He had no __________ of reading your novel. (opportunity, possibility)

3.The doctor saw at a __________ that the child had got the measles.(glance, glimpse)

4.We had our first __________ of the sun since leaving the island.

(glance, glimpse)

1.She _______. It’s easy to see if she is sad or happy.

2.Our ________ those poor children orphaned by war.

3.He is ________ in his work.

4._________, I didn’t hide your watch.

5.All the tramps and stray dogs in the neighborhood knew that Mrs. Brown’s ____________.

6.The children played ________ after school.

7.____________, I went for an interview.

8.She has _____ her mother’s death greatly ______.

9.He has ______ a very pretty young girl.

10.His mother _________ over his death.

11.John thanked the rescuer _________.

12.Mary ________ when she heard the explosion in the workshop.

2.他暂不表态，把这个问题搁置起来。（reserve）

3.看到那个球员站不起身来，观众十分同情他。(sb.’s heart go out to sb.)

4.做好这件工作，你只需细心一点就行了。(nothing more than)

5.那位科学家因全神贯注于自己的实验而废寝忘食。(be preoccupied with)

6.为了不辜负父母对自己的期望，他努力工作刻苦学习。(live up to one’s expectations)

7.自从上次见到她已过去两年了，最近又听到关于她的一些传闻，因而我们都很关心她的下落。(whereabouts)

8.尽管他对你的批评很严厉，但他肯定对你并没有任何恶意。(malice)

1)Every increased possession loads us with a new _________ (weary).

2)God promises a safe landing but not a calm _________ (pass).

3)Relaxation means releasing all concern and _________ (tense) and letting the natural order of life flow through one’s being.

4)After several rounds of cross-examination, the suspect made a total __________ of guilt. (confess)

5)You are just _____ yourself if you carry on believing that she loves you. (deceptive)

6)He feels a ______ obligation to his job as a journalist. (priority)

7)Everyone should take time to be alone, to ________ and meditate (priority)

8)The gallery is planning to increase the amount of space __________ to traditional Chinese paintings. (allotment)

9)He came five minutes prior to the meeting. Now almost 30 minutes passed and it had not started yet. He was becoming ________ of the delay. (weariness)

1)Age is opportunity no less than youth itself, though in another dress, and as the evening twilight fades _________, the sky is filled with stars, invisible by day.

2)You’re getting married? This calls _________ a celebration!

3)Anyone who conducts an argument by appealing _________ authority is not using his intelligence; he is just using his memory.

4)Many people were, with much regret, crowded _________ the lecture hall due to the lack of space.

5)He left________ an important detail in her account.

Part A: Fill in the blanks using the following linking expressions:

apart from, in addition, in the light of, with regard to, due to

1)___________ his poor work performance and light-hearted work attitude, he was sacked.

2)________ insufficient government spending on the project, the results have come to no avail.

3)Sorghum is the least demanding grain _________ water, soil and climate.

4)_________ her blond prettiness, she is smart and helpful.

5)We had a great time during the journey, __________ the unfavorable weather.

Part B: Fill in the blanks with prepositions.

in, for, off, on /upon

1)This sort of work calls ____ a lot of practice.

2)After three days of searching, the police chief called _____ the hunt for the escaped prisoner.

3)The Opposition called ___ the Prime Minister to stop the arms deal.

4)She had to called________ all her courage to accept her child’s death.

5)The declaration called _______an immediate cease-fire.

6)The makers have called _____some cars with dangerous faults.

Part C: Word form

sensitivity, sensation, sense, sensible, sensibly, sensitively, to sense

1)Sometimes, before it happens, you can __________ that it is going to rain.

2)People who have a _________ to wool shouldn’t wear woolen clothing.

3)After the accident, I had no _________ in my arm for two hours.

4)Mr. Woodman is very ________ about the fact that he is bald, so don’t talk to him about hair.

5)Nurses usually speak to patients __________.

6)Children must develop a _________ of what is right and what is wrong.

7)Our tutor offered a _________ approach to the problem.

8)Tim very ________ wrote down the number of the car in which the robbers escaped.

Part D: Multiple choice

1. The hounds are specially trained to follow the __________ left by the fox.

A. trail B. trace C. track

2. No __________ was found of either John or Mary.

A. trace B. track C. trail

3. The house is at the end of an unmade__________.

A. track B. trail C. trace

4. His report may have given us a distorted __________.

A. angle B. perspective C. prospective

5. The tower is visible from every __________.

A. angle B. perspective C. prospective

6. His self-confidence had given place to a(n) __________ that he had been making a fool of himself.

A. anxiety B. apprehension C. misgiving

7. Peasants who have survived a famine will be perpetually haunted by memory and __________.

A. apprehension B. misgiving C. anxiety

1)中国有句俗话说：“鱼和熊掌不可兼得”，我们常常发现自己处于这样的两难之中。(dilemma)

2)作为一个保守的基督教徒，他常常倾向于从宗教的角度来看待很多问题。(perspective)

3)是留在学校继续读书深造还是找工作，他处于进退两难的境地。(dilemma)

4)对伊拉克战斗的回忆将萦绕他的余生。(haunt)

5)肝脏手术需要高超的技术和格外的专心。(exact)

6)飓风所到之处都带来了死亡和破坏。(trail)

7)一位成功的企业家应能够审时度势做出精明决策。(in the light of)

8)他突然想到好象在什么地方见过这个人。(hit)

9)那老外看着自己盘子里的鸭舌，一脸狐疑。(misgiving)

10)人不可貌相。（deceptive）

This is another version of Text I of Unit 2. Read it carefully and answer the following questions:

1)Paraphrase this quotation with your own words

2)Try to analyze the structure of paragraph 3.

3)Translate the underlined words.

Bonus question: 4) Do you find any interesting differences between these two texts?

How can you become free from the tyranny of the urgent?

1 Have you ever wished for a thirty-hour day? …… when we stop to evaluate our activities. We desperately need relief.

2 But would a thirty-hour day really solve our problem? How long would it take before you are as frustrated as you are now? We cannot escape Parkinson’s Law: “Work expands to fill the available time.(1)” We would simply find ourselves working more and enjoying it less.

3 Our problem is not just a shortage of time or a case where we’re working too hard. We must recognize the difference between fatigue and frustration. The weariness of long hours on a difficult task can be matched by a sense of satisfaction and joy. A feeling that we have failed to do what is really important, and not hard work, produces anxiety. (2)

4 Many of us have overcome the temptation of impulse spending when it comes to managing money. Yet we often spend our time in an impulsive response to our own desires or those of someone else. The winds of other people’s demands drive us onto a reef of frustration. Why? Because we have failed to set our priorities, plan our time and spend it accordingly.

5 Many years ago a successful business executive said to me, “Your greatest danger is letting the urgent things crowd out (3) the important.” I wondered what he meant. Then I realized that an urgent task, calling for an immediate response, may not really be important in the long run. By the same token, an important activity may not appear urgent. For example……. visiting an elderly relative or reading a significant book isn’t often at the top of a “to do” list. Because those things can wait, they often get lost in the shuffle.

6 Urgent tasks call for an immediate response. Our home is no longer our castle as the telephone and e-mail breach the walls with imperious demands. The momentary appeals seem irresistible and devour our energy. Yet, in the light of time’s perspective, their apparent value fades; with a sense of loss, we recall how important tasks were crowded out (3) of our activity.

1. We are not going to compromise our music to make it _________ to any layman. (palate)

2. In ___________ with our rules and regulations, I am calling a meeting of our organization. (conform)

3. Now that the patient is out of danger, the doctor is no longer in _________. (attend)

4. His __________ with China makes him a likely choice as ambassador. (intimately)

5. Since they have ignored our ___________, our only recourse is to declare war. (ultimately)

6. The rent shot up a ___________ 80%. (phenomenon)

7. His poor health was a ___________ factor in his decision to retire. (contribute)

8. She was _________ at having her husband for the first time in ten years. (ecstasy)

9. The cause of this disease has yet _________ all research. (elusive)

10. September 18 has gone down in history as a day of _________ for the Chinese nation. (infamous)

1. Awake and avail yourself _________ this unique chance!

2. They spread _________ when they entered the field and began to search the ground.

3. John was so ill he was fortunate to come _________ the operation on his heart.

4. Thus it came __________ that, after years of being a singer and costume designer, she combined both businesses.

5. In rural France, English language magazines are rather hard to come __________.

6. The troop suffered a terrible defeat because they had a deficiency ___ the matter ___ weapons.

7. Sorghum is the least demanding grain ___ regard __ water, soils and climate.

8. He paused to consult his notes, and then proceeded _________ his question.

9. I don’t think you can make a lawyer honest by an act of legislature. You’ve got to work _________ his conscience.

1. The ________ theory got across to the audience with the speaker’s detailed introduction. (profound, deep)

2. He _______ to be the best footballer in the college team. (assert, claim)

3.This idea is simply too ________ to be put into words. (elusive, vague)

4.The tourists were caught up in the ______ beauty of a spring day in the park. (sensuous, sensual)

5.It’s next to impossible to change the ________ qualities of a person. (internal, inherent)

Two principles distinguish Chinese from European cooking one is that we eat food for its texture the elastic or crisp effect it has on our teeth as well as for fragrance flavor and color Li Liweng said that he was a slave to crabs because they had the combination of fragrance flavor and color the idea of texture is seldom understood but a great part of the popularity of bamboo-shoots is due to the fine resistance the young shoots give to our teeth the appreciation of bamboo-shoots is probably the most typical example of our taste being not oily it has a certain fairy-like fugitive quality about it but the most important principle is that it lends flavor to meat especially pork cooked with it and on the other hand it receives the flavor of the pork itself this is the second principle that of mixing of flavors the whole culinary art of China depends on the art of mixture (from Lin Yutang: My Country and My People)

1. 我们都认为这个孩子专横的性格是其父母对过分的宠爱造成的。(lavish)

2. 关于你最近的申请，恐怕我们不能给你这个职位。(with regard to)

3. 这场广告攻势为这种新产品打开销路起了很大的作用。(contribute)

4. 吾日三省吾身。(fibre)

5. 商业上的成功就在于该出手时就出手。(a matter of)

6. 与其早期的作品相比，这位剧作家晚期的作品敏感且极富戏剧性。(contrast n.)

7. 他很荣幸地与女王本人共进晚餐。 (no less … than)

8. 我们需要一位货真价实的修理工 —— 一个能修理灯具的人。(with a capital …)

9. 我不知道究竟是什么缘故使得他突然关心起我的健康来。(at the root of )

10. 这房子和它周围的环境很调和。 (blend)

11. 钓鱼的诱人之处就在于目标虽然捉摸不定却又可望可及。 (elusive)

The worldwide consumption of bakery products is increasing. Many populations that formerly relied solely on rice or coarser grains as their main source of carbohydrates show a preference for compound bakery products as new industry and increased incomes make them more widely accessible. Japan is an outstanding example of countries following the trend. The United States has shown a steady downward trend in per capita consumption of cereal-based foods for many years, and the consumption of sweet bakery foods, such as cakes or pastry, has been increasingly displacing bread consumption.

Probably 95% of the white bread sold in the United States is enriched with thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and iron, and about 30% of the 50 states have laws requiring white bread enrichment. Formerly, calcium and vitamin D were frequently added to enriched bread, but lack of consumer demand and questionable nutritional benefit led to gradual phasing out of these enrichments. India has attempted to encourage consumption of protein-enriched bread, with some success. Except for research projects, little has been done in other countries, however. In areas where bakery products comprise a large proportion of the diet, they could provide an ideal vehicle for nutritional supplementation. The need for better quality protein in the daily diet occurs mostly in the developing countries, where carbohydrate foods – usually cereals – are the basic components of the diet and therefore the logical protein carriers.

1. Japan is used in this passage to illustrate a trend in many countries which is to ______.

A. enrich bread

B. invest more in food industry

C. increase consumption of bakery foods

D. increase reliance on rice and grains

2. According to the passage, popular cereals could be used in developing countries to _______.

A. supplement the diet

B. displace rice consumption

C. increase reliance on carbohydrates

D. phase out necessary bread enrichments

3. According the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. India has shown a steady downward trend in per capita consumption of bread.

B. The worldwide consumption of bakery products is decreasing.

C. About 30% of the American states have laws requiring white bread enrichments.

D. About 50% of the white bread sold in the USA is enriched with thiamin.

4. From the passage, we learn that there is a worldwide trend towards _____________.

A. increasing the nutritional value of bread

B. increasing the consumption of protein

C. using bakery products as a source of carbohydrates

D. using grains, such as rice, as a source of carbohydrates