First-Year Intensive Reading January, 2009
Final Examination
Question Booklet
I. Spelling: (10%)
Directions: Listen to the following words and write them down. Each of them will be read to you twice.
II.Dictation: (10%)
Directions: You will hear a passage read three times. At the first reading, you should listen carefully for its general idea. At the second reading, you are required to write down the exact words you have just heard (with proper punctuation). At the third reading, you should check carefully what you have written down.
III.Word Derivation: (5%)
Directions: Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the word given in the bracket.
1.Jealousy is the feeling that someone else has something that _________ belongs to you. (right)
2.A week by the sea is a _________ they can no longer afford. (luxurious)
3.The team has had five _________ victories. (succession)
4.My conservative parents thought it was _________ for a boy to be interested in ballet. (normal)
5. Cambodians, Chinese, Japanese, Salvadorians, and Ethiopians bring their native dishes to add to the United States’ already __________ culinary stew. (head)
IV. Phrasal Verbs: (5%)
Directions: Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrasal verb in its proper form. The base verb is given in the bracket.
1. I am sorry to tell you that your claim has been ________. (turn)
2. This building ________ from the rest because of its superior design. (stand)
3. The elections _________ a new period of change in the country. (usher)
4. The lectures will be ________ by practical work. (back)
5. He used to be a good writer, but now he _________ and just writes for money. (sell)
V. Multiple Choices: (20%)
Directions: Choose one alternative which best completes each sentence or answers each question.
1. An intelligent and __________ reader will soon notice that the article is full of sexist remarks.
A. oblivious B. observant C. obsessive D. observable
2. _________, Henry felt a great weight taken off his mind.
A. His duty was fulfilled B. His duty fulfilled
C. His duty fulfilling D. His duty had been fulfilled
3. When he brought Imelda her drink, she gave him a(n) __________, sweet smile of thanks.
A. true B. original C. real D. genuine
4. His __________ attempts to complain to his superiors were blocked and ignored.
A. proficient B. persistent C. consistent D. sufficient
5. __________ a highly intelligent animal like the seal, elementary training is easy.
A. In the case of B. In case of C. In case D. In any case
6. He had an almost irresistible _________ to talk to the crowd when he entered Hyde Park.
A. impulse B. instinct C. stimulation D. surge
7. She expressed her strong determination that nothing could _________ her to give up her career as a teacher.
A. induce B. deduce C. reduce D. attract
8. After the terrible accident, I discovered that my ear was becoming less ________.
A. sensible B. sensitive C. sentimental D. sensational
9. If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be _________ to work hard, with the result that tax revenues might actually shrink.
A. cultivated B. licensed C. motivated D. innovated
10. If only the patient _________ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.
A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving
11. The final document was, of course, supposed to mend the damage ________ upon the world by the war.
A. impressed B. imposed C. compelled D. compressed
12. She insisted that we _________ to the south for the holiday as it was warm there.
A. went B. go C. were going D. had gone
13. _______ dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation whether in the world at large or only in one’s own circle.
A. Although B. As C. However D. Even though
14. When people don’t really know, they tend to ________ the worst.
A. suppose B. reckon C. think D. assume
15. He ________ me stupid questions when I’m with him.
A. forever asks B. is forever asking C. will always ask D. has always asked
16. According to the text “Five Traits of the Educated man” (Unit 8), which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. A reasonable amount of learning in any one field must be very great for an educated man.
B.Bad manners are superficial, artificial, and forced, no matter what their form may be.
C.The fourth trait of an educated man, the power of growth, refers to his determination to develop continuously from birth till death.
D.The outline of an educated man is mainly drawn up by the five traits.
17. Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to “Hollywood” (Unit 10)?
A.Movies were first made in Hollywood before World War I.
B.It was the favorable climate in Southern California that had made Hollywood an ideal place for shooting motion pictures.
C.Hollywood’s fame and fortune reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s, the golden days of the color films.
D.Hollywood is no longer the heart of the world’s motion picture industry.
18. According to “How to Be True to Yourself” (Unit11) , all the following statements are true EXCEPT ____________________
A.My grandparents’ belief was that one was either honest or dishonest.
B.The surgeon in the course of a medical operation made the serious error of leaving the 12th sponge inside the patient’s body.
C.David Ogilvy sent each office head a Russian doll so as to make it explicit that one should give others due credit that is rightfully theirs.
D.Integrity will take us forward into the 21st century without having to examine what we have done before.
19. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to “Darkness at Noon” (Unit 13)？
A.Since the author was born blind, he has never had any chance to see himself.
B.The author held the view that the handicapped should be treated properly and equally.
C.The author felt amused after the procedure at the door of the X-ray room continued for five minutes.
D.Generally speaking, the business community’s response to offering employment to the disabled has been enthusiastic.
20. Which of the following statements is true according to “My Forever Valentine” (Unit 16)?
A. My father chose Valentine’s Day to show his love for his family because the football season was over during February.
B.When I was six, I became the most popular student in class because I got a ring from my father.
C.As I grew older, the gifts given by my father became less important.
D. My father showed his disappointment when he found that he was no longer that important in my life.
VI. Cloze: (10%)
Directions: Fill in each of the blanks with ONE appropriate word.
VII.Reading Comprehension: (10%)
Directions: Read the passage and answer the questions.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y（for YES）if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N（for NO）if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG（for NOT GIVEN）if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with information given in the passage.
Will We Run Out of Water?
Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.
Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea (咸海) in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.
Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.
“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the world's projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.
WHERE WATER GOES
Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).
Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater----about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”
CLOSE TO HOME
Water woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层)，layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.) Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.
Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫)，a microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.
THE SOURCE
Where do such contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.
In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. （Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (多氯化联二苯)，or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.）
But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners (稀释剂) down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.
Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that helps plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.
WHAT'S THE SOLUTION?
Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.
“More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone----governments and ordinary people----to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”
1. That the huge water projects have diverted the rivers causes the Aral Sea to shrink. ( )
2. The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects does more good than harm. ( )
3. The chief causes of water shortage are population growth and water pollution. ( )
4. The problems Americans face concerning water are ground water shrinkage and tap water pollution. ( )
5. According to the passage all water pollutants come from household waste. ( )
6. The people living in the United States will not be faced with water shortages. ( )
7. Water expert Gleick has come up with the best solution to water—related problems. ( )
8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as __________of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.
9. Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in __________ .
10. In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid __________.
VIII.Sentence Study: (5%)
Directions: Replace the underlined part in each sentence with your own words without changing the meaning of the sentence in any way.
1. Now plastic bags are giving way to environmentally-friendly bags in people’s daily life.
2. The teacher tried in vain to start the conversation because the boy was somewhat hostile and grudging.
3. Realizing that his retirement was at hand, he looked for some additional income.
4. After the loss of the necklace, the couple felt held on a tight rein’ time to get through. by their debt and it took them ten years
5. Jane is so lovely that Paul took to her at the first sight.
IX.Translation: (10 %)
Directions: Translate the following sentences, using the words given in the brackets in their proper forms.
1．他想要走，但时间和汽油都不够了。（in short supply）
2．许多好莱坞的电影公司试图干涉影星的私生活。 （interfere）
3．大雨冲垮了帐篷之后，男孩子们对野营所抱的浪漫的幻想破灭了。 （disillusioned）
4．女子排球队为赢得世界冠军而不惜一切代价, 殊死拼搏。 (at all costs)
5．我们已充分地意识到这点：如果我们想在说、写、译方面做好的话，必须要背诵一些优秀的散文。 (drive home)
X. Composition: (15%)
Directions: Complete ONE of the following topics and write a short passage of about 150 words on it.
The __________ of College Students
On the Popularity of ____________
How to Be __________
上海外国语大学2008 ----2009 学年第 1 学期
_______学院 基础英语I（精读）期末考试
专业：__________ 2008级_____班成绩：____________
考生学号：____________ 考生姓名：___________任课教师姓名：____________
考试日期： 2009 年 1 月 5 日考试规定完成的时间： 100 分钟
Answer Sheet
I. Spelling: (10%)
1.___________ 2.______________ 3.______________ 4.____________ 5.___________
6.____________ 7. ____________ 8._____________ 9. ____________ 10. __________
11.____________ 12.____________ 13._____________ 14.____________ 15. ___________
16.____________ 17. ____________ 18. _____________ 19. ____________ 20. ___________
II. Dictation: (10%)
III. Word Derivation: (5%)
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. __________ 4. ___________ 5. ____________
IV. Phrasal Verb: (5%)
1.____________ 2. _____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ___________
V.Multiple Choice: (20%)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
VI. Cloze: (10%)
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4.___________ 5. __________
6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. __________
VII. Reading Comprehension: (10%)
1.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
VIII. Sentence Study: (5%)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
IX. Translation: (10%)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
X. Composition: (15%)
First-Year Intensive Reading Jan., 2009
Key to the Final Exam
I.Spelling: (10%) 请监考老师每词朗读两遍。
1. precision 2. peradventure 3. expound 4. colossal 5. tyrant
6. orchestra 7. expediency 8. facade 9. succumb 10. nominal
11. narcissistic 12. enunciate 13. disposition 14. relegate 15. perfunctory
16. beneath 17. representative 18. enthusiastic 19. conscience 20. slovenly
II.Dictation: (10%) 请监考老师朗读三遍，第一、三遍正常速度，第二遍慢速。
Like other mammals, humans are warm-blooded animals with standard body temperatures. // The food that humans consume produces heat energy that keeps the body at 37ºC. // Humans’ stable body temperature, however, does not mean that humans are unaffected by cold. // In fact, prolonged exposure to extreme cold can harm the body and even cause death. //
One way to keep the body safe from cold is to dress for the season. // In areas with cold winters, people should wear thick clothing. // Thick clothing keeps the air that has been warmed by the body, thus reduces the loss of heat. // Winter hats are important, as about 40% of the heat that leaves the body leaves through the head. // Being improperly dressed for the cold or staying out in the cold too long can lead to over-low body temperature. // Conditions such as this can be dangerous and may require medical treatment.
III.Word Derivation: (5%)
1. rightfully 2. luxury 3. successive 4. abnormal 5. heady
IV.Phrasal Verb: (5%)
1. turned down 2. stands/stood out 3. (have) ushered in/usher in/are ushering in
4. backed up 5. has sold out
V.Multiple Choice: (20%)
1-5. BBDBA 6-10. AABCA 11-15. BBCDB 16-20. ACBCC
VI.Cloze: (10%)
6. so 7. itself 8. hours 9. procession 10. both
VII.Reading Comprehension: (10%)
1. Y 2. N 3. Y 4. Y 5. N 6. N 7. NG
8. one-third 9. glaciers and ice caps 10. water pollution
VIII. Sentence Study: (5%)
1. are gradually being replaced by
2. without success
3. near in time / coming / not far way
4. firmly controlled
5. liked
IX. Translation: (10%)
1. He meant to go, but time and petrol were in short supply.
2. Many motion picture corporations in Hollywood tried to interfere in their stars’ private lives.
3. The boys became disillusioned about the romance of camping after their tent collapsed in the heavy rain.
4. The women’s volleyball team put up a desperate fight to win the world championship at all costs.
5. The point is driven home to us that we must recite excellent pieces of prose if we want to speak, write and translate well.
X．Composition: (15%)
评分标准
Dictation:
1. 三个错误扣1分，两个错误扣0.5分，一个错误不扣分；
2. 标点中，句号、问号用错（即断句错），算为错误；
3. 相同错误，不重复扣分；
4. 每句段（以双斜线 // 为准）最多扣1分。
Word Derivation & Phrasal Verbs & Cloze
时态、语态、单复数、拼写等错误每个扣0.5分；
答案与参考答案不同但合理者，不扣分。
Multiple Choice & Reading Comprehension
每题1分。
Sentence Study
每题1分。正确解释出划线部分即可得分，但有语法、措辞错误的，扣0.5分。
Translation:
2. 核心词的误用扣1分，漏用扣1.5分。
3. 重大语法措辞错误（如语态、句子结构）扣1分。
5. 非关键词用错、拼写错误、标点和大小写等小错误每个扣0.5分，累积最多扣1分。
Composition:
1．本大题共15分
2．内容6分，语言6分，总体印象3分
(1)内容
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很充实
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比较充实
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有待充实
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比较欠缺
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6
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5-5.5
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3-4.5
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0-2.5
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(2)语言
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语言地道，句式变换灵活丰富，能灵活使用连接词，表达顺畅，用词准确
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语言标准，有一定句式变换，有一定连接词，用词尚可
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语言有待改进，句式比较单一，句子间缺乏有效连接，词汇较单调
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表达有一定困难，较多句式错误，使用的词汇单一
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6
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5-5.5
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3-4.5
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0-2.5
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*语言的扣分要从整体上把握，不是以寻找错误为目标。
(3)总体印象
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整体布局合理，推理富有逻辑性，重点突出
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整体布局比较紧凑，推理尚有据，能看出重点
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整体布局比较混乱，推理思路不太清楚，重点不明确
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3
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2-2.5
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0-1.5
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*字数要求：字数不足120的酌情扣分。 字数少于100，总分不得超过6分。
