摘要:探明桑轮纹病发生区冠层内叶表面微生物多样性、结构组成和功能的变化情况，有助于快速筛选控制桑轮纹病病原菌（Gonatophragmium mori）潜在的拮抗微生物。本研究基于高通量测序技术，分析冠层上部和下部叶片上表面和下表面细菌相对丰度的差异。结果发现：1）在多样性指数（Shannon）上，冠层上部叶片是冠层下部叶片的1.26倍，冠层内叶片上表面是下表面的1.49倍。2）在结构上，冠层下部叶片的下表面（LB）和冠层上部叶片的下表面（UB）的优势属均为泛菌属（Pantoea），其相对丰度分别为38.04%和25.31%，而冠层下部叶片的上表面（LS）为沙雷氏菌属（Serratia）、冠层上部叶片的上表面（US）为寡养单胞菌属（Stenotrophomonas），其相对丰度分别为18.0%、23.73%。3）在功能上，冠层下部叶片细菌的碳水化合物和氨基酸的运输和代谢功能比冠层上部叶片强，然而脂质的运输和代谢功能比冠层上部叶片弱；冠层上部叶片上表面细菌的细胞壁生物发生功能比下表面强，而氨基酸的运输和代谢功能弱于下表面；冠层下部叶片上表面细菌的次生代谢物的生物合成、运输和分解代谢和脂质运输和代谢功能强于下表面，而细胞运动比下表面弱。4）冠层内叶片表面芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、不粘柄菌属（Asticcacaulis）和苯基杆菌属（Phenylobacterium）的相对丰度与病原菌的相对丰度负相关性显著（P < 0.05），相关性最大的为芽孢杆菌属，系数为-0.87。上述结果表明桑轮纹病发生区冠层内桑叶上下表面细菌群落的多样性、结构组成和功能存在显著差异，对进一步研究桑轮纹病的生物防控具有一定的科学意义。
关键词:桑轮纹病/
冠层部位/
多样性指数/
功能/
高通量测序
Abstract:To identify the antagonistic bacteria of Gonatophragmium, this study investigated variations in the diversity, structure, and function of phylloplane microorganisms in the mulberry ring rot disease areas of mulberry canopy. Using high-throughput sequencing technology, we analyzed the relative abundance of bacteria on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower leaves in the canopy. The results showed that 1) the Shannon index in upper canopy was 1.26 times of that in the lower canopy, and the upper surface of leaves was 1.49 times of that in the lower surface. 2) The dominant genera in the lower surface of a leaf in the lower canopy (LB) and the lower surface of a leaf in the upper canopy (UB) were the genus Pantoea, with relative abundances of 38.04% and 25.31%, respectively. In the upper surface of a leaf in the lower canopy (LS), it was Serratia and the upper surface of a leaf in the upper canopy (US) was Stenotrophomonas, with relative abundances of 18.0% and 23.73%, respectively. 3) The transport and metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids of bacteria in the lower canopy leaves were stronger than those in the upper canopy leaves; however, lipid metabolism and transport were weaker in the lower canopy leaves. The cell wall biogenesis function of bacteria on the upper surface of leaf in upper canopy was stronger than that on the lower surface, whereas the amino acid transport and metabolism functions were weaker on the upper surface. The biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism of secondary metabolites, lipid transport, and the metabolism of bacteria on the upper surface of lower canopy leaves were stronger than those on the lower surface, but cell movement was weaker on the upper surface. The relative abundances of Bacillus, Asticcacaulis, and Phenylobacterium were significantly negatively related to the relative abundance of pathogens (P < 0.05); the most significant correlation was for Bacillus (-0.87). These results indicate significant differences in the diversity, structure, and function of bacterial communities on the upper and lower surfaces of mulberry leaves in the canopy, which will assist further research on the biological control of mulberry ring rot disease.
Key words:Mulberry ring rot/
Canopy part/
Diversity index/
Function/
High-throughput sequencing
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