摘要
摘要:丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）在植物与土壤系统中扮演着重要的角色，能促进寄主植物对养分尤其是磷（P）的吸收。间作在提高土壤P素利用及增产增收等方面具有重要作用。本研究通过三室隔网分室盆栽模拟试验，在玉米/大豆间作种植体系下，对菌丝室进行不同形态P处理[不施P（P0）、施用无机磷（IOP50）、施用有机磷（OP50）]，同时在根室进行不同AMF处理[不接种（NM）、接种Funneliformis mosseae（FM）]，研究了不同外源形态P添加和AMF处理下，菌根作物对菌丝室红壤中不同形态P吸收利用的影响。结果表明：与单作-FM-IOP50处理相比，间作-FM-IOP50处理下的玉米P吸收量显著增加150.2%，大豆P吸收量增加24.5%；除大豆单作-P0处理外，接种FM均明显降低菌丝室土壤有效磷含量。除大豆单作-FM处理外，施用IOP50使土壤有效磷含量在单作条件下最高，而在间作条件下则最低。对红壤P形态的分级结果表明，接种AMF均一定程度增加了Ca₂-P、Al-P、Org-P、O-Al-P、Ca₁₀-P的含量，而间作则显著提高了作物对土壤Ca₂-P、Fe-P的吸收；相比其他处理，土壤Ca₂-P、Org-P、O-Al-P含量在间作-FM-IOP50组合处理下较高（P < 0.05）。相关分析显示，Ca₂-P与玉米植株P吸收量呈显著负相关，而O-Al-P与大豆植株P吸收量呈显著负相关。总之，接种FM、磷肥施用与间作均在一定程度上促进了宿主作物对P的吸收累积。其中间作-FM-IOP50组合是促进间作玉米生长、P素吸收及Ca₂-P、Org-P、O-Al-P增加的最佳组合，通过促进无机磷的活化而改善作物对P素的吸收利用，有效削减土壤P素的残留，若将其应用于滇池流域，可望减少P素的流失。
关键词:丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)/
间作/
玉米/
大豆/
磷形态/
磷吸收/
土壤有效磷
Abstract:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can help host plants in the uptake of nutrients, especially phosphorus (P). Intercropping also can promote use efficiency of P in soils and increase crop yield. In order to study the effects of different P additions and AMF treatments on the absorption and utilization of different forms of P of intercropping corps in red soils, a pot simulation experiment was conducted using the three-compartment method. Under maize-soybean intercropping system, the hyphal compartments were treated with different forms of P-no P (P0), inorganic P (potassium dihydrogen phosphate-IOP50) and organic P (soy lecithin-OP50). Different AMF treatments, including no AMF (NM), inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae (FM), were performed in the root chamber. Intercropped maize and soybean, mono-cropped maize and soybean were planted in the experiment. The results showed that compared with mono-cropping-FM and IOP50 treatment, P uptake in maize increased by 150.2% and P uptake in soybean increased by only 24.5% under intercropping-FM and IOP50 treatment. Except mono-cropped soybean and P0 treatment, FM inoculation significantly decreased available P content in hyphal compartment soils. In addition to soybean mono-cropping-FM treatment, IOP50 application yielded the highest soil available P content under mono-cropping, and the lowest under intercropping conditions. AMF inoculation increased the contents of Ca₂-P, Al-P, Org-P, O-Al-P and Ca₁₀-P to a certain extent, while intercropping significantly increased crop uptake of Ca₂-P and Fe-P in the soil. Under combined intercropping, FM and IOP50, the contents of Ca₂-P, Org-P and O-Al-P in the soil were higher (P < 0.05) compared with other treatments. Correlation analysis showed that Ca₂-P was significantly negatively correlated with P uptake in maize, while O-Al-P was significantly negatively correlated with P uptake in soybean. In conclusion, FM inoculation, P fertilizer application and intercropping all promoted P absorption and accumulation of host crops to a certain extent. Among these, FM, IOP50 and intercropping was the best combination for the promotion of intercropped maize growth, P uptake and increased Ca₂-P, Org-P and O-Al-P of red soil. If applied to Dianchi watershed, it is expected to reduce the loss of P.
Key words:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)/
Intercropping/
Maize/
Soybean/
Phosphorus form/
Phosphorus uptake/
Soil available phosphorus



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