摘要:缺陷理解是针对缺陷本身及衍生产物建立完整认知过程的研究.由于调试的连贯性及完美缺陷理解假设不合理性，深入分析缺陷传播过程及缺陷间关系、研究关键信息检测及理解信息表达方式，提取及表达面向缺陷研究不同场景不同需求下的可理解性信息，最终达到优化缺陷分析结果及辅助调试各过程缺陷知识复用及积累的目的成为必然.由定位与修复之间存在的知识割裂问题出发，思考缺陷理解研究的本质，明确缺陷处理过程中缺乏知识挖掘及互用问题.通过工程实例分析及文献成果梳理，提炼总结缺陷理解领域的研究方向及技术方法，探讨缺陷理解研究中的特点及难点，思考缺陷理解研究中存在的问题及未来的研究方向，对缺陷理解的研究趋势进行了展望.



Abstract:Defect comprehension is the study of establishing a complete cognitive process for the defect itself and its derivatives. Because of the coherence of debugging and the incomprehensibility of information under the assumption of perfect bug understanding, through analysis of defect propagation process and the relationship between defects, research on key information detection and understanding information expression, extraction, and expression of understandable information for different scenarios and different needs of defect research, ultimately achieving the goal of optimizing defect analysis results and assisting the reuse and accumulation of defect knowledge in debugging process becomes inevitable. This study starts from the problem of knowledge fragmentation between location and repair, considers the essence of defect understanding research, clarifies the lack of knowledge mining and interoperability in the process of defect handling. Through the summary of engineering examples and the analysis of literature results, the research directions and technical methods in the field of defect comprehension are summarized, the characteristics and difficulties in the study of defect comprehension are discussed, the existing problems in the study and the future research directions are considered, and the research trend of defect comprehension is prospected.



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