| 基于生活水平的水库移民补偿标准及计算方法 |
| 强茂山, 汪洁 |
| 清华大学 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室, 项目管理与建设技术研究所, 北京 100084 |
| Reservoir resettlement compensation standard based on living standards |
| QIANG Maoshan, WANG Jie |
| Project Management and Technology Institute, State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
摘要:
| ||||||
| 摘要为确定符合移民安置补偿原则的补偿标准, 该文选取人均年净收益作为移民生活水平的测度指标, 构建了移民在搬迁和不搬迁情况下的人均年收益预测计算方法, 按照“移民的生活水平应该达到和超过原有水平”的补偿原则确定补偿标准及补偿差额计算方法。通过实际移民案例数据对提出的方法进行了分析验证, 结果表明: 现行“以失定补”的补偿方式虽然从长期现金流的累计现值来看移民生活水平将会达到并超过了不搬迁的水平, 但移民在生产生活恢复期没有达到不搬迁情况的生活水平, 也因此导致这一阶段移民影响工程实施和各种社会不稳定现象, 建议移民补偿的标准必须从重建移民生活的角度进行确定和计算。 | ||||||
| 关键词 ：水利水电工程,水库移民,生活水平,补偿标准 | ||||||
| Abstract：Reservoir resettlement compensation should be in conformity with the reservoir resettlement compensation principle. This study uses the per capita annual net income as the living standard measurement index with a calculational method based on the measurement index for compensation for reservoir resettlement relocation. The method resolves the gap between the required compensation and the current compensation. An actual reservoir resettlement case is analyzed to show that even though the current reservoir resettlement compensation standard based on “filling the loss” gives living standard resettlement compensation that reaches and exceeds the living standard without relocation from the present value of the long-term cumulative cash flow, the resettlement compensation living standard does not reach that without relocation in the short time. Therefore, the insufficient reservoir resettlement compensation leads to short-term social instabilities, so the compensation standard must be calculated from the perspective of reconstructing the reservoir resettlement living standard. | ||||||
| Key words：hydropower projectsreservoir resettlementliving standardcompensation standard | ||||||
| 收稿日期: 2014-07-09 出版日期: 2016-01-12 | ||||||
| ||||||
| 引用本文: |
| 强茂山, 汪洁. 基于生活水平的水库移民补偿标准及计算方法[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 55(12): 1303-1308. QIANG Maoshan, WANG Jie. Reservoir resettlement compensation standard based on living standards. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2015, 55(12): 1303-1308. |
| 链接本文: |
| http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2015.24.006或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2015/V55/I12/1303 |
图表:
 |
| 图1 移民搬迁、安置过程中的生产生活水平变化曲线 |
 |
| 表1 搬迁情况下移民家庭收入支出各分项的计算方法 |
 |
| 图2 农业安置移民搬迁和不搬迁情况的人均年净收益预测曲线 |
 |
| 图3 兼业安置移民搬迁和不搬迁情况的人均年净收益预测趋势 |
参考文献:
| [1] 国务院办公厅. 大中型水利水电工程建设征地补偿和移民安置条例 [Z/OL]. (2014-04-12), http://www.gov.cn/ziliao/ flfg/2006-08/13/content_367585.htm.General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Principle for compensation and resettlement of the hydropower projects [Z/OL]. (2014-04-12), http://www.gov.cn/ziliao/flfg/2006-08/13/content_367585.htm. [2] 顾茂华, 荀厚平, 范治晖, 等. 水库移民遗留问题处理 [M]. 南京: 河海大学出版社, 2000.GU Maohua, XUN Houping, FAN Zhihui, et al. The Remaining Problems of Reservoir Resettlement [M]. Nanjing: Hohai University Press, 2000.(in Chinese) [3] 施国庆, 陈邵军, 袁汝华, 等. 水库移民生产生活水平分析与评价方法 [J]. 水利学报, 1999(2): 51-55.SHI Guoqing. CHEN Shaojun, YUAN Ruhua, et al. Reservoir resettlement production and living standard analysis and evaluation methods [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1999(2): 51-55.(in Chinese) [4] 段跃芳. 水库移民补偿理论与实证研究 [D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2003.DUAN Yuefang. Reservoir Resettlement Compensation Theory and Empirical Research [D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2003.(in Chinese) [5] 崔洪梅. 水库移民生活水平动态综合评价研究 [D]. 保定: 华北电力大学, 2011.CUI Hongmei. Research on the Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation of the Reservoir Resettlement Living Standard [D]. Baoding: North China Electric Power University, 2011.(in Chinese) [6] 张畅. 水电资源开发投入要素及其测算方法研究 [D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2011.ZHANG Chang. Study on Input Factors and Their Calculation Methods in the Development of Hydropower Resources [D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2011.(in Chinese) [7] 李殿球, 雷落军, 李红. 农村移民生活水平“马鞍型”变化及规避措施 [J]. 人民长江, 2006, 37(7): 78-80.LI Dianqiu, LEI Luojun, LI Hong. Reservoir resettlement living standard U-shaped curve and its elusion tactics [J]. The People of the Yangtze River, 2006, 37(7):78-80.(in Chinese) [8] JING Jun. Guest editors introduction “the battle of Sanmenxia” [J]. Chinese Sociology and Anthropology, 31(3): 1999, 1-98. [9] 周真刚, 周松柏, 胡晓登. “黔电送粤中”水电真实移民成本问题研究 [J]. 中南民族大学学报: 人文社会科学版, 2003(5): 102-103.ZHOU Zhengang, ZHOU Songbai, HU Xiaodeng. A research into the true cost of immigration of “power transmission from Guizhou to Guangdong” [J]. Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities: Philosophy and Social Science, 2003(5): 102-103.(in Chinese) [10] 施国庆, 邵东国. 从保障水库移民权益看政府“角色”的转变 . 中国水利报, 2006-10-26(001). SHI Guoqing, SHAO Dongguo. The government “character” transition from the perspective of guaranteeing the rights and interests of the reservoir resettlement . China Water Resources News, 2006-10-26(001).(in Chinese) [11] 余锦华, 杨维权. 多元统计分析与应用 [M]. 广州: 中山大学出版社, 2005: 232-238.YU Jinhua, YANG Weiquan. Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Application [M]. Guangzhou: Sun Yat-Sen University Press, 2005: 232-238.(in Chinese) [12] 李惠. 人口迁移的成本、 效益模型及其应用 [J].中国人口科学, 1993, 38(5): 47-51.LI Hui. The cost and benefit model of population migration and its application [J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science, 1993, 38(5): 47-51.(in Chinese) [13] Michael M C. Understanding and preventing impoverishment from displacement. Keynote opening address, international conference on development-induced displacement and impoverishment [J]. Journal of Refuges Studies, 1995, 8(3): 245. [14] 尚凯, 施国庆, 盛济川. 水电开发农村移民补偿安置模式经济分析 [J]. 统计与决策, 2010 (17) : 74-77.SHANG Kai, SHI Guoqing, SHENG Jichuan. The economic analysis of different reservoir resettlement modes [J]. Statistics and Decision, 2010 (17): 74-77.(in Chinese) [15] 王茂福. 水库移民返迁--水库移民稳定问题研究 [M]. 武汉: 华中科技大学出版社, 2008: 103.WANG Maofu. The Return of the Reservoir Resettlement [M]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, 2008: 103.(in Chinese) |
相关文章:
|
